英国传统新闻媒体数字化转型分析—经验与教训

发布时间：2018-01-01 20:23

本文关键词：英国传统新闻媒体数字化转型分析—经验与教训　出处：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 数字化 新媒体 《卫报》 BBC 经验

【摘要】：新闻媒体在当今社会中扮演着非常重要的角色,英国近现代媒体的发展历史悠久,《泰晤士报》、《卫报》等一批严肃类报纸和以BBC为首的传统电视业在全球都有广泛的影响力。近年来,互联网的深度普及以及智能手机的广泛覆盖使得传统媒体面临着严峻的挑战,在新媒体环境下,英国传统媒体的数字化转型起步早、理念新、发展快,成为英国媒介研究的理想的研究对象。本文以报刊和电视作为基本分类单元,以《卫报》和BBC数字化转型过程中的实践为主要研究对象,试图还原英国报业和电视业在新媒体环境下所经受的困难、挑战,借此来展现它们在这一过程中的探索——成功与挫折,进而提炼出一些可复制、可推广的理念和做法。对于英国报业,本文首先通过展示英国主流纸媒的发行量和收入等基础数据,揭示新媒体环境下英国纸媒正面临严峻挑战。之后通过分析报业数字化大势中的两种主要态度分歧,即是否数字化和是否设置付费墙,对比了《卫报》、《每日邮报》在免费数字化方面的长足进展、《独立报》的完全数字化和《泰晤士报》总体受众数的低迷、纯印刷版《新的一天》的快速退市,进而认为报纸应当摒弃继续停留在传统领域的想法,投入更多精力在新媒体领域,并把提供免费新闻内容作为主要发力方向。在个案研究《卫报》自身的转型时,本文回顾了它在数字化转型过程中的主要做法,分析得出发力"开放新闻2.0"、"数据新闻及可视化"和"深度报道"是《卫报》在新媒体时代数字化转型过程中的三个主要抓手。相对报业,英国电视业受到新媒体的冲击相对较小,传统业务仍然占主导地位。但电视收看时间自2015年开始有所下滑,特别是在年轻人中下滑较大,同时,新媒体的快速发展已经让传统电视台在业务创新上不敢怠慢,相继打通电脑端和手机端的内容分发渠道。同时,例如第四频道发展游戏部门,第五频道引进"用户生产内容"等方式在局部转型创新上也有建树。在个案研究BBC的数字化转型时,本文分析了近年来其在新技术、新媒体环境下的种种举措,重点讨论了革命性产品BBC iPlayer的特点和成就。在分析BBC数字化转型成功原因时,本文认为,坚持高标准制作、多渠道分发,重构新闻团队提升新闻采集效率,重点关注年轻人群需求等是主要原因。
[Abstract]:News media play a very important role in today's society. The development of modern media in Britain has a long history, the Times. A number of serious newspapers, such as the Guardian, and the traditional television industry, led by BBC, have had extensive global influence in recent years. The popularity of the Internet and the wide coverage of smart phones make the traditional media face severe challenges. In the new media environment, the digital transformation of the British traditional media started early, new ideas, rapid development. This paper takes newspapers and television as the basic classification unit and takes the practice of the Guardian and BBC digital transformation as the main research object. Try to restore the difficulties and challenges faced by the British newspaper and television industry in the new media environment, in order to show their exploration in the process-successes and setbacks, and then extract some replicable. The idea and practice that can be popularized. For the British newspaper industry, this paper first shows the basic data of the circulation and income of the British mainstream print media. It is revealed that British print media is facing severe challenges under the new media environment. Then the Guardian is compared by analyzing the two main differences of attitude in the digitization trend of the newspaper industry, that is, whether to digitize and whether to set up a pay wall. The Daily Mail has made great strides in free digitisation, the Independent's full digitisation and the Times's overall audience slump, and the rapid delisting of the pure print edition of New Day. Furthermore, the paper thinks that newspapers should abandon the idea of staying in the traditional field and devote more energy to the new media field. In the case study of the Guardian's own transformation, this paper reviews its main practice in the process of digital transformation. It is concluded that "Open News 2.0", "data News and Visualization" and "depth report" are the three main grasping hands of the Guardian in the process of digital transformation in the new media era. The British television industry has suffered relatively little from new media, with traditional business still dominating. But television viewing time has declined since 2015, especially among young people, and at the same time. The rapid development of new media has made the traditional TV station in business innovation dare not neglect, one after another open the computer end and mobile phone side of the content distribution channels. At the same time, for example, channel 4th to develop the game department. The introduction of "user production content" by Channel 5th has also contributed to local transformation and innovation. In the case study of digital transformation of BBC, this paper analyzes its new technologies in recent years. Various measures under the new media environment, discussed the revolutionary product BBC iPlayer characteristic and the achievement emphatically. In the analysis BBC digitization transformation success reason, this article thinks, adheres to the high standard production. Multi-channel distribution, reconstructing news team to improve the efficiency of news collection, focusing on the needs of young people are the main reasons.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G219.561;G229.561

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