从全球数据新闻奖看数据新闻的特点及发展趋势

发布时间：2018-03-12 20:32

本文选题：数据新闻　切入点：全球数据新闻奖　出处：《西安外国语大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着信息科技的普遍应用,大数据已渗透到人们日常生活的各方面,对数据价值的挖掘越来越重要。大数据对新闻生产理念和生产模式带来了深远影响,在此背景下研究数据新闻的实践特点和发展趋势,是非常有意义的。自2012年到2016年,全球数据新闻奖已吸引来自世界60多个国家的新闻团队或个人参加;先后有41个国家的作品入围,这些入围作品,一定程度上代表了数据新闻界最高水平。本文以五届中的347篇入围作品为研究对象,采用内容分析法,从入围作品的地域分布、制作者类别、数据来源、新闻主题、可视化呈现等方面统计分析,通过横向和纵向对比,总结入围数据新闻作品的特征,结合典型作品,分析这些特征的原因,并在此基础上探究数据新闻的发展趋势。研究发现,入围数据新闻作品具有多种特点。在地域分布上,以欧美国家为主(尤其是英国和美国),向全球扩散。制作者类别丰富,传统媒体的入围作品数量居前列;从未来发展看,不同性质的数据新闻生产者之间的合作将进一步加强。数据来源多样,政府是主要的数据来源,这与全球开放数据运动下的政府数据公开紧密相关;数据开放可推动经济转型、增强政府治理能力、提高政府的公信力,更广泛地向公众开放机器可读的数据集,已成趋势。媒体建立数据平台、传感设备运用于数据收集,数据来源的途径将有进一步被拓宽。在新闻主题上,政治、社会、经济议题是入围作品的三大主题。在入围作品中,环境议题呈现增长趋势,随着环境问题恶化及环境问题带来的危害加深,环境新闻将成为未来的报道重点。同时,全球化背景下,跨国犯罪呈现增长趋势,数据分析与跨国调查的结合将在打击跨国犯罪尤其跨国腐败、促进全球治理上发挥更大价值。在可视化类型上,入围作品多采用动态交互信息图表。新闻制作主体注重读者参与,从多维度加深读者的交互体验,使新闻内容更易于分享。
[Abstract]:With the widespread application of information technology, big data has penetrated into every aspect of people's daily life, and the mining of data value is becoming more and more important. Big data has brought profound influence to the idea and mode of news production. In this context, it is very meaningful to study the practical characteristics and development trend of data news. From 2012 to 2016, the Global data News Award has attracted news teams or individuals from more than 60 countries in the world. One after another, 41 national works were selected, which to some extent represent the highest level of data journalism. In this paper, 347 shortlisted works in five sessions were selected as the research objects, and the content analysis method was used to analyze the regional distribution of the entries. The author category, data source, news theme, visual presentation and so on. Through horizontal and vertical comparison, the author summarizes the features of the data news works in the shortlist, and analyzes the reasons for these characteristics by combining the typical works. On the basis of this, the paper explores the development trend of data news. The research finds that the selected data news works have many characteristics. In terms of geographical distribution, they are dominated by European and American countries (especially the United Kingdom and the United States), and spread to the world. The number of shortlisted works by traditional media is among the highest; in the future, cooperation among producers of data news of different nature will be further strengthened. The sources of data are diverse, and the government is the main source of data. This is closely related to the openness of government data under the Global Open data campaign, which can drive economic transformation, strengthen governance capacity, enhance the credibility of governments and make machine-readable data sets more widely available to the public. It has become a trend. Media establish data platforms, sensor devices are used in data collection, and the channels of data sources will be further broadened. On news topics, political, social and economic issues are the three main themes of the shortlisted works. Environmental issues show an increasing trend. With the deterioration of environmental issues and the deepening of environmental hazards, environmental news will become the focus of future reports. Meanwhile, in the context of globalization, transnational crime is on the rise. The combination of data analysis and transnational surveys will play a greater role in combating transnational crime, especially transnational corruption, and in promoting global governance. In the shortlisted works, dynamic interactive information charts are often used. The main body of news production pays attention to readers' participation, deepens readers' interactive experience from multiple dimensions, and makes news content easier to share.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G210.7

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