危机传播中政府和媒体关系问题与对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 12:52

  本文选题：危机　切入点：政府　出处：《对外经济贸易大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：危机传播是现代公共管理、行政管理领域的重要课题。其中,政府和媒体间的互动关系,是本文关注的焦点。就理论基础而言,自改革开放以来,随着政治体制改革和社会转型的逐渐深化,我国政府逐渐学习、接受了多元共治、危机沟通、信息控制等科学管理理念,与媒体的关系也逐步由“管理者”与“被管理者”的关系向“合作者”、“同行者”的关系转化。就基本模式而言,在批判地借鉴学习西方政府和媒体互动模式的基础上,我国各级政府正在一次次的危机传播实践中不断总结、提高。本文在此提出,要将“公众”也纳入分析的视野,构建主体、客体、环境三个要素共同组成的复合模式,或可作为政府探索科学互动模式的一种参考。就制度建设而言,除一般意义上的法律法规体系建设之外,本文还提出了要建立一个强有力的组织领导体系,形成一套高效顺畅的工作机制。本文根据当前危机传播现状,结合近年来各地发生的具体案例,详细分析了政府和媒体在互动中各自存在的缺失和不足。并在此基础上,站在政府的角度,围绕“危机传播之中政府如何应对媒体”这个关键问题,综合心理学和传播学相关理论,提出了时间效率、媒体整合、分级传播、信源调控、议程设置、巧借招牌、借事喻理、故事引导、同频共振、软硬兼施等十项策略。效果评估环节,本文指出我国与西方发达国家的巨大差距,总结为评估目标不明晰、评估过程不规范、指标体系不健全、评估主体单一等几大问题。本文建议从危机传播全程考虑,区分应急反应、信息投送、舆论催化三个阶段,分别建立综合指标体系。关于评估过程,本文根据“目标—结果”模式,建议重点考察计划制定、目标实现、执行过程等各方面。原则上,应注重自我评估与他人评估相结合,主观评估与客观评估相结合,整体评估与分别评估相结合。
[Abstract]:Crisis communication is an important subject in the field of modern public administration and administration. The interaction between the government and the media is the focus of this paper. On the theoretical basis, since the reform and opening up, With the gradual deepening of the political system reform and social transformation, our government has gradually learned and accepted scientific management concepts such as pluralistic co-management, crisis communication, information control, etc. The relationship with the media is gradually transformed from the relationship between "manager" and "managed" to the relationship between "collaborator" and "peer". Governments at all levels in our country are constantly summing up and improving in the practice of crisis communication over and over again. This paper puts forward that the "public" should also be included in the perspective of analysis, and a composite model composed of three elements, subject, object and environment, should be constructed. It may serve as a reference for the government to explore the model of scientific interaction. In terms of institutional construction, in addition to the construction of laws and regulations in the general sense, this paper also proposes to establish a strong organizational leadership system. According to the current situation of crisis communication, combined with the specific cases in recent years, this paper analyzes in detail the deficiencies and shortcomings of the government and the media in the interaction between the government and the media. From the government's point of view, focusing on the key issue of "how the government should deal with the media in the course of crisis communication," and integrating the relevant theories of psychology and communication, it puts forward time efficiency, media integration, hierarchical communication, information source regulation and control, and agenda setting. In this paper, the author points out the huge gap between China and the western developed countries, and concludes that the evaluation goal is not clear, and the evaluation process is not standard. This paper proposes to establish a comprehensive index system from three stages of crisis propagation, including emergency response, information delivery and public opinion catalysis. According to the "goal-result" model, this paper suggests that we should focus on the following aspects: plan making, goal realization, implementation process, etc. In principle, we should pay attention to the combination of self-assessment and others' assessment, subjective assessment and objective evaluation. The whole evaluation is combined with the separate evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D63;G206
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本文编号：1629660