《纽约时报》（1980-2016）关于中国援非报道特点与形象构建

发布时间：2018-04-10 15:51

本文选题：中国 + 对非援助　；参考：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：对外援助是国家外交的重要手段之一,是国家综合国力的体现。中国对非援助可追溯到上世纪五十年代,是中非外交关系中的重要内容。然而中国对非援助从一开始就受到了国外舆论质疑。在这样的背景下,通过研究西方媒体报道中的中国援非形象,可以更具体的了解中国援非活动面临的具体舆论挑战。本篇论文共分为七个部分。第一部分是绪论,介绍了选题背景和意义,并简单的回顾了中国对非的援助历史。第二部分是文献综述,梳理了"国家形象"和"对外援助"两个重要概念、回顾了国内外研究现状并介绍了文章涉及的理论框架。第三部分介绍了研究文章的选取过程以及具体的分析类目。第四、五部分为研究发现,分析总结出中国援非报道的变化特点以及呈现出的中国援助形象。第六部分在研究发现的基础上进一步思考,归纳总结了中国援非舆论工作面临的优势与劣势,并为更好地开展援非活动提供建议。第七部分为研究发现与局限,对整篇论文进行小结。本文采用了内容分析法来分析《纽约时报》1980-2016年间一共99篇关于中国援非的报道。从报道形式上分析报道数量、报道体裁、报道篇幅与报道版面4个类目,从报道内容方面分析援助方式、援助动机、援助结果、竞争对象、报道角度、报道基调、新闻来源7个类目。研究发现,《纽约时报》关于中国援非报道的政治色彩逐渐淡化,经济色彩不断加强;美国为首的西方国家从中国援非的旁观者逐渐转为竞争者;报道先后塑造出中国援非议题中"外交角力者"、"人权漠视者"和"资源掠夺者"的形象,但也肯定了中国的"普惠性发展"和提供的医疗援助。中国政府可以通过丰富援助手段,参与多边合作、谨慎处理"敏感事件"以及加强援助项目后续信息发布来更好地开展援非活动。之前的研究主要从国际关系或公共管理的角度研究中国对非援助的政策、机制。本文旨在明确中国援非活动的面临的具体舆论挑战,有助于找到中国援非破除舆论困境的方式,让中国援非的效益发挥到最大,提升政府的公信力和影响力。
[Abstract]:Foreign aid is one of the important means of national diplomacy and the embodiment of national comprehensive national strength.Chinese aid to Africa, which dates back to the 1950 s, is an important part of China-Africa diplomatic relations.However, China's aid to Africa has been questioned by foreign public opinion from the beginning.In this context, by studying the image of China's aid to Africa in western media reports, we can understand more concretely the specific public opinion challenges that China's aid to Africa faces.This paper is divided into seven parts.The first part is the introduction, introduces the background and significance of the topic, and briefly reviews the history of China's assistance to Africa.The second part is a literature review, combing the two important concepts of "national image" and "foreign aid", reviewing the current research situation at home and abroad and introducing the theoretical framework involved in the article.The third part introduces the selection process of the research articles and the specific analysis categories.The fourth and fifth parts are the research findings, and analyze and summarize the changing characteristics of China's aid to Africa and the image of China's aid.In the sixth part, on the basis of the research findings, the author summarizes the advantages and disadvantages faced by China's non-aid public opinion, and provides suggestions for better development of non-aid activities.The seventh part is the research findings and limitations, the summary of the whole paper.This paper uses content analysis method to analyze 99 reports on China's aid to Africa in the New York Times from 1980 to 2016.It analyzes the number of reports, the type of reports, the length of the reports and the layout of the reports. It analyzes the ways of assistance, the motivation of aid, the results of aid, the object of competition, the angle of reporting and the tone of the report from the aspect of the content of the report.Seven categories of news sources.The study found that the New York Times's report on China's aid to Africa gradually downplayed the political color and strengthened the economic color, and the US-led western countries gradually turned from the bystanders of China's aid to Africa's competitors;The report has created the image of "diplomatic wrestler", "human rights disregard" and "resource predator" in China's aid to Africa, but also affirmed China's "inclusive development" and medical aid.The Chinese government can better carry out aid to Africa by enriching aid means, participating in multilateral cooperation, handling "sensitive events" carefully and strengthening the publication of follow-up information on aid projects.Previous studies have studied China's aid policies and mechanisms from the perspective of international relations or public administration.The purpose of this paper is to clarify the specific public opinion challenges facing China's aid to Africa, to help find a way for China's aid to Africa to overcome the dilemma of public opinion, to maximize the benefit of China's aid to Africa, and to enhance the credibility and influence of the government.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G212

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