路透社对中国“去产能”报道的框架分析

发布时间：2018-07-25 10:27

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国综合国力迅速增长,与其他国家的政治、经济、文化的融合也愈加密切。然而,作为国家软实力重要组成部分的国家形象却并未随着国力的上涨得到显著提升。作为国家形象的重要建构者,西方主流媒体中存在一些对中国抱有明显负面倾向的报道,一定程度上影响了积极的中国形象的树立。然而,多数对中国国家形象的研究都聚焦于政治或文化相关报道,对于财经新闻研究较少。原因可能是学者们普遍认为,财经报道比较客观,不具有明显倾向。因此本文希望通过分析西方主流财经媒体路透社的对华报道,验证财经新闻的客观程度。"去产能"战略在15年年底中央经济会议被列为主要经济任务之一,对中国经济改革与转型都有着重要的影响。因此在不到一年的时间内,路透社在网站和内部的EIKON系统中就发布了几百篇报道。本研究是从框架理论的视角,运用量化分析中的卡方检验法分析这些报道。作者从路透社英文官网上抓取了 15年12月至16年10月内有关"去产能"的162篇文章。微观上,本文将文章分为了 2448个段落,从段落入手,分析每个段落的主题,所属体裁,倾向以及试图建构的中国形象。研究的目的是分析路透社对"去产能"报道的主题,主题与报道倾向的相关性,以及报道构建的中国形象。另外,研究从宏观上梳理了"去产能"战略相关报道的时间线并重点分析了报道数量井喷时期的特点及原因。研究结果表明,在对中国的"去产能"战略的报道上,路透社报道的总体基调是中性的,但段落的主题与倾向性呈显著相关。在产业经济,宏观经济等除贸易摩擦外的主题报道倾向总体客观。而当主题是贸易摩擦,即讲述中国与欧美国家直接产生利益冲突的主题时,大多数段落都呈负面倾向,路透社多数情况下是站在欧美国家的立场进行报道,但仍以事实和数据为主要内容。第二,路透社的报道倾向与文章体裁呈显著相关。当文章体裁是普通电讯时,中性报道比例更多,且有一定的正面报道。体裁是评论时,中性报道比例显著下降,且正面报道比例为零。本文聚焦于前人研究较少的外媒对华财经报道领域,推翻了普遍认为的财经新闻相对政治与文化报道没有倾向性的判断。无论政治,经济还是文化新闻都可能暗藏倾向性,这是本次研究的重要理论价值。本文全文共五章,从微观的段落分析和宏观的时间线梳理两个角度解构路透社对中国的形象构建。尽管在中西产生冲突时报道还是有偏向,但多数情况下路透社都做到了冷静客观。因此,我国在进行对外传播时可以多从经济方面着手,注重传播质量。而在西方对中国产生质疑时,也要快速,高质的进行回应,发表中国声音。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's comprehensive national strength has grown rapidly, and its political, economic and cultural integration with other countries has become more and more close. However, as an important part of national soft power, the national image has not been significantly improved with the rise of national power. As an important constructor of national image, there are some negative reports on China in the mainstream media of the West, which to some extent affect the establishment of the positive image of China. However, most studies on China's national image focus on political or cultural reports, and less on financial news. The reason may be that scholars generally believe that financial reporting is more objective, not with a clear tendency. Therefore, this paper hopes to verify the objective degree of financial news by analyzing Reuters' report on China. " The "deproductivity" strategy was listed as one of the main economic tasks at the Central Economic Conference at the end of 15 years, which has an important impact on China's economic reform and transformation. So in less than a year, Reuters published hundreds of stories on its website and on its internal EIKON system. From the perspective of frame theory, this study uses the chi-square method in quantitative analysis to analyze these reports. From December 15 to October 16, 162 articles on "deproductivity" were captured on Reuters' official website. Microscopically, this paper divides the article into 2448 paragraphs, starting with paragraphs, analyzing the theme, genre, tendency and image of China. The purpose of the study was to analyze the theme of Reuters' coverage of "deproductivity", the correlation between the topic and the reporting tendency, and the image of China to be constructed by the report. In addition, the study combs the time line of the "deproductivity" strategy and analyzes the characteristics and reasons of the blowout period. The results showed that the overall tone of the Reuters report was neutral in the coverage of China's "deproductivity" strategy, but the theme of the paragraph was significantly related to bias. In the industrial economy, macro-economy, in addition to trade frictions, the theme of reporting tends to be overall objective. And when the theme is trade friction, that is, the topic of direct conflicts of interest between China and Europe and the United States, most paragraphs tend to be negative. Reuters mostly reports from the standpoint of European and American countries. But it still takes facts and figures as the main content. Secondly, Reuters' reporting tendency is significantly related to genre. When the genre of the article is ordinary telecommunications, the proportion of neutral reports is more, and there are some positive reports. The proportion of neutral reports decreased significantly, and the proportion of positive reports was zero. This paper focuses on the field of financial and economic reporting of China by foreign media, which is less studied by predecessors, and overturns the generally accepted judgment that financial news has no tendency relative to political and cultural reports. Whether political, economic or cultural news can be hidden tendency, which is an important theoretical value of this study. This paper consists of five chapters, which deconstructs Reuters' image of China from two angles of microscopic paragraph analysis and macroscopic time line. Although the reports were biased in times of conflict between China and the West, Reuters was calm and objective in most cases. Therefore, when our country carries on the external communication, may start from the economic aspect, pays attention to the dissemination quality. And when the West questions China, it must respond quickly and qualitatively, and speak out.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G212

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