新世纪以来我国传统新闻人转型研究

发布时间：2018-12-07 11:13

【摘要】：新世纪以来,我国传统新闻人转型不断出现,尤其是近几年,越来越频繁。传统新闻人转型既给转型者自身带来机遇与挑战,同时也为转入的新单位和传统新闻业带来诸多影响,其中不乏存在不利的影响。希望通过本文的研究为想要转型的传统新闻人、传统媒体管理者提供某些启示,减少因新闻人转型而带来的不利影响,同时在一定程度上也为在高校从事新闻教育的专业人士提供部分参考价值。本文将分为四个部分来研究传统新闻人转型。第一章研究传统新闻人转型的背景,通过阅读相关专著和搜集到的相关文献及新闻人转型的自述,采用文献分析法,从传统新闻业发展状况、传统新闻人从业空间及传统新闻人自身因素等三个方面展开论述并进行分析,通过访谈补充并进一步证明原因。传统新闻人转型的背景因素相比从事其他工作的媒体人转型情况较为复杂,传统媒体广告收入逐渐减少、时常出现纸媒停刊休刊及广播电视节目停播、新媒体的发展给传统媒体带来的颠覆性冲击等因素使得传统媒体发展前景令人堪忧;传统媒体存在巨大等级差异的用人制度、残酷的考核机制、受到严格限制的报道空间及日常规范、新闻人在日常工作中随时面临人身安全问题、受新媒体冲击职业技能面临挑战等因素使传统新闻人从业空间受到挤压;传统新闻人自我实现遭遇挫折主要包括付出与回报比例严重失调、记者身份由“无冕之王”变为“无面之王”、新闻理想逐渐缺失、产生职业倦怠等。最后总结出总体情况为传统新闻人从业生态面临严峻挑战。第二章研究传统新闻人转型的特点,通过阅读搜集到的相关文献、资料、案例,总结并概括出传统新闻人转型的特点。传统新闻人转型后的去向复杂多样,进入新媒体和入知名企业成为了主要去向,也有部分新闻人选择了到高校从事新闻传播教学工作,此外,还有一些新闻人选择到政府从事新闻传播工作、创办新闻传播类自媒体、由以中央电视台为代表的国家级媒体平台转型到省市地方级媒体(包括凤凰卫视);转型者多为青壮年业务主力,且财经新闻人及媒体高管转型的比例逐渐增加。第三章研究传统新闻人转型带来的影响,从对转型者自身、转入后的新单位及传统新闻业三个角度进行分析。本文最后一章通过研究对想要转型的传统新闻人、传统媒体管理者及高校新闻教育专业人士提出相应启示。传统媒体为避免优秀新闻人的流失,首先应实现自身的转型,使新闻人看到发展前途,此外还应建立健全用人机制、安全保障机制和激励机制。传统新闻人频繁出现转型在一定程度上反映出新闻专业理念的淡化,新闻专业理念的强化应引起传统新闻业、新闻学界的高度重视。
[Abstract]:Since the new century, the transformation of traditional journalists in our country has been constantly appeared, especially in recent years, more and more frequent. The transformation of traditional journalists not only brings opportunities and challenges to the transformers themselves, but also brings many influences to the new units and the traditional news industry, among which there are some adverse effects. Through the research of this paper, I hope to provide some enlightenment for the traditional journalists who want to transform, and reduce the negative impact caused by the transformation of the newsmen. At the same time, to a certain extent, it also provides some reference value for the professionals engaged in journalism education in colleges and universities. This article will be divided into four parts to study the transformation of traditional journalists. The first chapter studies the background of the transformation of traditional journalists, through reading related monographs and collected relevant literature and self-description of the transformation of journalists, using literature analysis, from the development of traditional journalism, This paper discusses and analyzes the three aspects of the traditional journalistic work space and the traditional news person's own factors, which is supplemented by interviews and further proved the reasons. The background factors of the transformation of traditional journalists are more complicated than those of media personnel engaged in other jobs. The advertising revenue of traditional media is gradually decreasing, and there is often a halt in the publication of the print media and the suspension of radio and television programs. The development of new media brings about subversive impact on traditional media, which makes the development prospect of traditional media worrisome. Traditional media have a huge hierarchy of personnel system, cruel assessment mechanism, strictly restricted reporting space and daily norms, journalists are faced with personal safety problems at any time in their daily work. Some factors, such as the challenge of vocational skills under the impact of new media, squeeze out the employment space of traditional journalists. The frustration of self-realization of traditional journalists mainly includes the serious imbalance of the proportion of pay and return, the change of journalist's status from "king without crown" to "king without faces", the loss of news ideal and the emergence of job burnout and so on. In the end, the author concludes that the overall situation is a severe challenge to the traditional journalistic ecology. The second chapter studies the characteristics of the transformation of traditional journalists, through reading the relevant literature, materials, cases, summed up and summarized the characteristics of the transformation of traditional journalists. After the transformation of traditional journalists, their destination is complex and diverse. Entering the new media and entering well-known enterprises has become the main destination. Some journalists have also chosen to go to colleges and universities to engage in teaching of journalism and communication. In addition, Some journalists choose to go to the government to engage in the work of news communication, set up the media from the media, from the national media platform represented by CCTV to the provincial and municipal media (including Phoenix Satellite TV); Transformers are the main business of young adults, and financial news and media executives to transform the proportion of gradually increasing. The third chapter studies the impact of the transformation of traditional journalists, from three angles: the transformers themselves, the new units and the traditional journalism. In the last chapter of this paper, the author puts forward the corresponding enlightenment to the traditional journalists, traditional media managers and university journalism education professionals who want to transform. In order to avoid the loss of excellent journalists, the traditional media should first realize its own transformation to make the journalists see the future of development. In addition, it should establish and improve the employment mechanism, security mechanism and incentive mechanism. The frequent transformation of the traditional journalists reflects the desalination of the professional concepts of journalism to a certain extent. The strengthening of the professional concepts of journalism should arouse the high attention of the traditional journalism and journalism circles.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G219.2

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