线粒体融合、分裂及其相关疾病的研究进展

发布时间：2017-12-28 07:22

本文关键词：线粒体融合、分裂及其相关疾病的研究进展　出处：《中国畜牧兽医》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：近年来,有关线粒体融合和分裂机制的相关研究越来越多。线粒体是所有真核生物都不可或缺的双层膜细胞器,大多数细胞中线粒体是高度动态的,且通过不断地融合、分裂来维持动态平衡。线粒体外膜与内膜的融合分别由Mfn1、Mfn2与多种形式的OPA1调控;DRP1介导外膜分裂,内膜的分裂可能是由S-OPA1和MTP18介导。多种客观因素通过影响融合或分裂的程度,进而影响线粒体的融合与分裂,提高线粒体融合程度或降低线粒体分裂程度都将导致在细胞内形成个体大、数量少的线粒体;反之,将出现个体小、数量多的线粒体。可以据此特性间接检测某项影响线粒体形态学变化的因素,了解线粒体动态变化所涉及的蛋白,以及影响线粒体形态学的重要外部因素、线粒体相关疾病的发病原因。因此,作者在总结前人研究成果的基础上,针对线粒体融合与分裂、参与线粒体融合与分裂的相关蛋白及线粒体融合、分裂与疾病的发生进行了综述。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more studies have been made about the mechanism of mitochondrial fusion and mitotic. Mitochondria are indispensable bilayer membrane organelles for all eukaryotes. Mitochondria in most cells are highly dynamic and maintain dynamic balance by continuous fusion and division. The fusion of mitochondrial outer membrane and intima is regulated by Mfn1, Mfn2 and various forms of OPA1. DRP1 mediates adventitial division, and the intimal division may be mediated by S-OPA1 and MTP18. A variety of objective factors affected by the fusion or splitting degree, thereby affecting the mitochondrial fusion and fission, improve the degree of mitochondrial fusion or reduced mitochondrial fission degree will lead to the formation of individual, a small number of mitochondria in cells; on the contrary, there will be a small number of individuals, many mitochondria. Based on these characteristics, we can indirectly detect some factors affecting mitochondrial morphological changes, understand the proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamic changes, and analyze the important external factors affecting mitochondrial morphology, and the causes of mitochondrial related diseases. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing the previous research results, we summarized mitochondrial fusion and division, involved in mitochondrial fusion and division, and mitochondrial fusion, division and disease.
【作者单位】：浙江理工大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31260287、31201867、31460585) 浙江省自然科学基金(LY17C120001) 浙江理工大学科研启动项目(11612932611535)
【分类号】：R363
【正文快照】： 线粒体是一个存在于所有真核生物中的双膜细胞器,不过某些生物中的某些细胞里可能缺乏线粒体,如红血细胞,也有些生物减少或改变线粒体成为其他结构[1]。以往研究认为,生物体中线粒体的形态主要有长条型或颗粒型,但近年研究发现,线粒体在大多数细胞中以网状组织存在[2],且线粒

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