湖北省农村留守儿童心理健康特征及综合干预效果研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 17:13

本文关键词： 留守儿童心理健康综合干预　出处：《武汉科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的本研究旨在了解具有不同特征的湖北省农村留守儿童心理健康状况，评价综合干预的效果，为促进留守儿童心理健康提供依据。方法随机抽取湖北省3个乡县6所中小学校，以在册的1687名的农村留守儿童作为研究对象，使用SCL-90心理问卷量表进行测量。综合干预6个月后，再次对受试对象进行心理状况测量，比较不同特征留守儿童干预前后心理量表得分的差异。问卷调查的数据运用EpiDate3.0录入，用SPSS16.0软件进行统计学分析。结果从湖北省三地农村留守儿童的心理状况基线调查来看，其心理健康状况不容乐观。干预前，心理量表测试阳性率为27.56%（95%CI=25.62%~29.91%）。男性留守儿童心理状况不如女性留守儿童，且在躯体化（t=3.664）、强迫症状（t=4.705）、敌对（t=3.23）、精神病性（t=2.17）等因子得分上具有统计学意义（P0.05）。父亲监护的留守儿童在躯体化、人际关系敏感性方面表现最为严重，亲戚或邻居监护组强迫症状表现最为明显。干预后，心理量表阳性率为23.86%（95%CI=21.80%~25.92%）。对干预效果建立二项Logistic回归模型，母亲有固定工作、与同学关系密切者二变量纳入方程。男生在躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感性、敌对、精神病性等因子得分仍高于女生，且强迫症状（t=5.203）、精神病性（t=2.368）等因子得分存在差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。不同监护类型的留守儿童，在各因子得分均有统计学意义（P0.05），亲戚或邻居监护组的留守儿童因子得分均高于其他类型的监护组，母亲监护组的因子分仍为最低。在倾诉方式上，留守儿童自己解决问题比例减少，转向同伴、家人和老师求助。干预前后，男生在躯体化、恐怖、敌对、偏执等因子得分降低且具有统计学意义（P0.05）。女生在恐怖因子得分有显著性降低，且男生干预效果较女生好。单亲监护组的留守儿童9项因子得分均有降低，祖父母监护组在强迫症状、人际关系敏感性、抑郁、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等因子得分上有所降低；外祖父母监护组在强迫症状因子得分上降低；亲戚与邻居监护组在躯体化、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等因子得分上有所增加，差异均有统计学意义（P0.05）。结论父（母）外出务工对留守儿童心理发育上造成一定伤害，对其开展综合干预是可行和有效的。女生心理健康状况好于男生，但干预效果不如男生；单亲监护类型的留守儿童心理问题干预效果好，，以母亲监护类型最为明显；干预后留守儿童在倾诉方式上有所改变；母亲有固定工作、与同学关系密切者干预效果显著。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the mental health status of rural left-behind children in Hubei province with different characteristics, to evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention and to provide evidence for promoting the mental health of left-behind children. Methods A total of 1 687 rural left-behind children were randomly selected from 6 primary and secondary schools in 3 rural counties of Hubei Province. After 6 months of comprehensive intervention, the psychological status of the subjects was measured again. The scores of psychological scale of left-behind children with different characteristics were compared before and after intervention. The data of the questionnaire were recorded by EpiDate3.0 and analyzed statistically by SPSS16.0 software. Results from the baseline investigation of psychological status of left-behind children in three rural areas in Hubei Province, the mental health status was not optimistic. The positive rate of psychological scale test was 27.56% and 25.62% and 29.91% respectively. The psychological status of male left-behind children was not as good as that of female left-behind children. And in somatization, the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disease were 4.705 and 3.23 respectively. The scores of psychosis and other factors were statistically significant (P 0.05). The somatization and interpersonal sensitivity of left-behind children under the supervision of their father were the most serious. The obsessive-compulsive symptoms of relatives or neighbors were the most obvious. The positive rate of psychological scale was 23.866.95% and 21.80%, 25.920.The two Logistic regression models were established for the effect of intervention, and the mother had a fixed job. The scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptom, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility and psychosis were still higher in male students than in girls, and the scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms were 5.203). There were significant differences in the scores of mental disorders (2.368) and other factors (P 0.05). The scores of children left behind in different types of guardianship were statistically significant (P 0.05). The factor scores of left-behind children in relatives or neighbors group were higher than those in other types of guardianship group, and the factor score of mother group was still the lowest. In the way of confiding, the proportion of left-behind children solving problems decreased and turned to peers. Before and after the intervention, the scores of somatization, terror, hostility, paranoid ideation and other factors were decreased and the scores of female students were significantly decreased. The scores of 9 factors of left-behind children in single-parent care group were all lower than that of female children. The grandparents group had obsessive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, phobia and paranoid ideation. The scores of psychosis and other factors were decreased. The score of obsessive-compulsive symptom was decreased in the grandparents group. The scores of somatization, anxiety, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychosis and so on were increased in relatives and neighbors group, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion it is feasible and effective to carry out comprehensive intervention on the mental development of left-behind children, and the mental health status of girls is better than that of boys, but the effect of intervention is not as good as that of boys. Single parent guardianship type of children left behind psychological problems intervention effect is good, especially the type of mother guardianship is the most obvious; After intervention, there were some changes in the way of talking to children left behind; Mothers had regular jobs, and those who had close relationship with their classmates had significant intervention effects.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R395

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