长沙市小学教师抑郁、焦虑情绪及其与动脉弹性关系的研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 15:19

本文选题：小学教师　切入点：抑郁　出处：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：了解长沙市小学教师的抑郁和焦虑状况及其影响因素,探讨抑郁和焦虑与动脉弹性的相关性。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样方法,按长沙市5个行政区分层,每个区随机抽取3-4个学校,共抽取了19所小学的1100名小学老师作为研究对象。采用自行编制的一般情况调查表、病人健康问卷抑郁量表(The Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9)、状态-特质焦虑问卷(State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI)对小学教师进行了调查。从调查教师中筛选出抑郁组146人,状态焦虑病例组150人,特质焦虑组160人,正常对照组188人。采用脉搏波传导速度(pulse wave velocity,PWV)自动分析仪(Complior SP)测量病例组和对照组的颈-股PWV(CF-PWV)、颈-桡PWV(CR-PWV)、颈-踝PWV (CA-PWV)。结果：研究回收有效问卷1010份,有效回收率为91.8%,调查对象平均年龄为34.4岁,女性占77.0%。 PHQ-9平均得分为5.41。小学教师中重度抑郁情绪的患病率为14.8%。抑郁情绪发生前四位为：精力缺乏、睡眠问题、心情低落和愉快感丧失。不同家庭月均收入、不同教学科目、是否饮酒、是否有躯体疾病和不同自评压力的教师抑郁情绪程度不同,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析结果显示抑郁情绪程度升高的独立危险因素有家庭月均收入低于2000元(OR=1.846,参照月均收入4000元以上)、躯体疾病(OR=1.461,参照无疾病)、自评压力中度和重度(OR=2.846和6.828,参照自评压力轻度)。 1010名教师中男性教师状态焦虑均分为42.56,特质焦虑均分为42.22,女性教师状态焦虑均分为43.44,特质焦虑均分为42.68。单因素分析结果显示：不同教学科目、是否吸烟的教师特质焦虑评分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。非条件logistic回归分析结果显示：状态焦虑情绪发生的独立危险因素有年龄为30-39岁(OR=2.135,参照年龄20-29岁组)、教龄在11-20年间(OR=3.169,参照教龄10年以下)；特质焦虑发生的独立危险因素有饮酒(OR=2.870,参照不饮酒)、教龄在11-20年间(OR=3.373,参照教龄10年以下)。抑郁、状态焦虑和特质焦虑3个病例组与正常对照组在CF-PWV、CR-PWV和CA-PWV上差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示：CF-PWV与年龄、收缩压、心率、抑郁情绪、状态焦虑情绪、特质焦虑情绪正相关；CR-PWV与性别、收缩压、舒张压、抑郁情绪、状态焦虑情绪、特质焦虑情绪正相关,与年龄负相关；CA-PWV与性别、年龄、收缩压、抑郁情绪、状态焦虑情绪、特质焦虑情绪正相关。结论：长沙市小学教师中重度抑郁情绪患病率为14.8%,最常见的抑郁情绪为：精力缺乏、睡眠问题、心情低落和愉快感丧失。男女小学教师的状态-特质焦虑都显著高于普通健康人群常模。家庭月均收入过低、患有躯体疾病、工作压力过大导致小学教师抑郁情绪程度升高。年龄30-49岁和教龄11-20年的小学教师易患状态焦虑。教龄11-20年和饮酒的小学教师易发生特质焦虑。在控制其他因素后,抑郁和焦虑与PWV存在正相关。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the relationship between depression and anxiety and arterial elasticity in primary school teachers in Changsha. Methods: a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 3-4 schools in 5 administrative districts of Changsha. A total of 1100 primary school teachers from 19 primary schools were selected as subjects. The Patient Health questionnaire for depression (PHQ-9) and State-Trait Anxiety inventory questionnaire (STAI) were used to investigate primary school teachers. The CF-PWV, CR-PWV and CA-PWVV of cervical and femoral PWVs were measured by pulse wave velocity-PWV automatic analyzer in normal control group and control group. Results: 1010 effective questionnaires were collected and the effective recovery rate was 91.8%. The average age of the subjects was 34.4 years old. The average score of PHQ-9 was 5.41. The prevalence of moderate and severe depression in primary school teachers was 14.8. The first four leading causes of depression were: lack of energy, sleep problems, depression and loss of pleasure. There were different levels of depression among teachers with physical illness and different self-rated stress. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factors for increasing the degree of depression were as follows: the average monthly income of families was less than 2000 yuan, the average monthly income of reference months was more than 4000 yuan, the body disease was 1.461, the reference was no disease, self-assessment of blood pressure. The mean and severe stress of ORX was 2.846 and 6.828, with reference to the mild self-assessment pressure. Among 1010 teachers, male teachers were divided into 42.56, trait anxiety 42.22, female teachers state anxiety 43.44, trait anxiety 42.68. The results of non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for the occurrence of state anxiety were: the age of 30-39 years old was 2.135, the reference age 20-29 years old, the teaching age was 11-20 years old, the scores of teachers' trait anxiety scores were statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the results of non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for the occurrence of state anxiety were 30 to 39 years old. The independent risk factors for the occurrence of trait anxiety were alcohol consumption (OR 2.870), no alcohol consumption (refer to no alcohol consumption), the teaching period from 11 to 20 years (OR3.373) and the teaching age of less than 10 years (P < 10 years). There were significant differences in CR-PWV and CA-PWV between the depression, state anxiety and trait anxiety groups compared with the normal control group (P 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that: CF-PWV was associated with age, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, depressive mood, and state anxiety. CR-PWV was positively correlated with gender, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, depression, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and CA-PWV was negatively correlated with gender, age, systolic blood pressure, depression, state anxiety. Trait anxiety is positively correlated. Conclusion: the prevalence of moderate and severe depression among primary school teachers in Changsha is 14.8.The most common depression is: lack of energy, sleep problems, The state-trait anxiety of male and female primary school teachers was significantly higher than the norm of the general healthy population. The average monthly income of families was too low and they were suffering from physical diseases. Excessive work stress resulted in increased depression among primary school teachers. Primary school teachers aged 30-49 years and teaching years 11-20 years were prone to state anxiety. Primary school teachers with 11-20 years of teaching years and drinking alcohol were prone to trait anxiety. Depression and anxiety were positively correlated with PWV.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R395

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