SD大鼠腰2神经根切断后对下肢运动功能影响的研究

发布时间：2019-05-18 04:12

【摘要】：目前由车祸等高能量损伤所致骨盆骨折等损伤是导致的骶丛根性撕脱伤的主要原因之一，其损伤容易导致一侧下肢运动感觉功能障碍及膀胱、性功能障碍。针对骶丛根性撕脱伤的外科治疗效果欠佳，因此骶丛撕脱伤的治疗成为了目前骨科临床治疗的一大重点和难点问题。目前国内采取健侧神经根移位治疗骶丛撕脱伤已取得一定进展，但动力源神经不足成为限制修复效果的关键因素。为进一步探讨骶丛撕脱伤的治疗，寻找新的动力源神经以用于以为治疗骶丛撕脱伤，课题组在对大鼠腰丛神经解剖参数观测的基础上，通过解剖观察大鼠腰2神经的走行及主要支配肌肉，并已成功建立大鼠腰2神经根切断的动物模型，通过观察大鼠术后一般情况，双侧肌肉湿重对比，结合靶肌肉横断面积变化，以及相应周围神经肌电图的变化规律。找出切断腰2神经根后对大鼠下肢运动功能的影响。为将腰2神经作为新的动力源神经用以修复骶丛撕脱伤提供了理论依据和实验基础。第一部分SD大鼠腰2神经的解剖测量及腰丛电生理检测研究目的：在解剖分析大鼠腰2神经的组成及走行基础上，结合肌电图方法，确定动物模型大鼠腰2神经的走行及其支配的主要肌肉。研究方法：选用10只成年SD大鼠（雌雄不限），暴露腰2神经根后向远端逐渐分离至靶肌肉，确定大鼠腰2神经支配肌肉，并测量神经长度等数据。选用10只成年SD大鼠，通过不打开椎板方法，在椎间孔外暴露腰2～4神经根，并利用肌电图记录仪记录双侧股四头肌、股二头肌及胫骨前肌刺激电位，记录刺激结果。结果：通过解剖观察，腰2神经自椎间孔发出后，向腹侧走行，穿过腰小肌到达腹膜后，沿髂腰肌下行后，汇入股神经；肌电图示腰2神经参与股神经组成，参与支配股四头肌的少部分。结论：通过解剖测量及肌电图检测确定大鼠腰2神经走行及支配肌肉是可行的。第二部分SD大鼠切断腰2神根经后对下肢运动功能的影响研究目的：研究单侧切断SD大鼠腰2神根经后对其下肢运动功能的影响研究方法：选用体重250-300g的成年雄性SD大鼠共40只，随机数表法分为2组，，采用不打开椎板的手术方法，暴露腰2神经根并切断，建立腰2神经根切断动物模型，右侧为实验侧，左侧为对照侧（暴露腰2神经根但不切断）。分别于损伤后4周，6周，8周，12周，16周取动物模型大鼠，进行大体行为学观察，术后16周取动物模型大鼠，进行相应靶肌肉的肌电图检测和靶肌肉的HE染色切片和三色染色切片检测。结果：1、一般情况：术后38只大鼠存活，同等条件下补齐40只大鼠3.存活大鼠下肢BBB评分实验组为20.3±0.90分,正常组为21分；3.20只实验组SD大鼠均未在在双侧大脑皮层内记录到SEP，按照SEP标准及解释，说明实验组造模成功；4.股四头肌、股二头肌、胫骨前肌HE染色切片及三色染色切片检测未见相应肌细胞明显萎缩情况。结论：单侧切断SD大鼠腰2神根经前后其下肢运动功能未见显著差异。
[Abstract]:At present, the injury caused by high-energy injury such as car accident and the like is one of the main causes of the root-to-root avulsion of the lower limbs, which can lead to the sensory dysfunction of the lower limb of one side and the dysfunction of the urinary bladder and the sexual function. In view of the bad effect of the surgical treatment for the root-avulsion of the brachial plexus, the treatment of the deavulsion of the choroid plexus has become a major and difficult problem in the present orthopedics clinical treatment. At present, some progress has been made in the treatment of brachial plexus tear and tear, but the insufficiency of the power source is the key factor to limit the repair effect. In order to further study the treatment of the brachial plexus tear and tear, a new power source nerve was found to be used to treat the lumbar plexus of the rat, and on the basis of the observation of the parameters of the nerve of the lumbar plexus of the rat, the walking and the main control muscles of the lumbar 2 nerve of the rat were observed by anatomy. In this paper, the animal model of rat lumbar nerve root cutting has been successfully established. By observing the general situation of the rats after operation, the two-sided muscle wet weight comparison, the change of the cross-sectional area of the target muscle and the change of the corresponding peripheral nerve electromyogram. To find out the effect of cutting the nerve root of the waist 2 on the function of the lower limb of the rat. In order to provide a theoretical basis and an experimental basis for restoring the waist-2 nerve as a new power source nerve to repair the tear-and-tear of the lumbar plexus. The anatomical measurement of the lumbar 2 nerve in the first part of SD rats and the electrophysiological characteristics of the lumbar plexus The purpose of the study was to determine the course of the lumbar 2 nerve in the animal model and the dominant position of the lumbar nerves in the animal model with the method of electromyography, on the basis of the analysis of the composition and the course of the 2-nerve in the rat's waist. The method of the study was to select 10 adult SD rats (not limited to male and female), to gradually separate the nerve roots from the back to the target muscle, to determine the innervation muscles of the lumbar nerves of the rat, and to measure the nerve. The data of 10 adult SD rats were selected, and 2-4 nerve roots were exposed to the outside of the intervertebral foramen by the method of not opening the lamina, and the stimulation potential of the quadriceps femoris, the biceps femoris and the anterior muscle of the tibia were recorded by the electromyographic recorder. Results: The results of the results of the stimulation were as follows: After the lumbar 2 nerve was sent out from the intervertebral foramen, the nerve was transferred to the ventral side after the lumbar muscle was transmitted to the peritoneum, and the nerve of the femoral nerve was introduced after the lumbar muscle was down to the peritoneum. The electromyogram showed that the nerve of the lumbar nerve was involved in the nerve of the femoral nerve and was involved in the treatment of the femoral nerve. A small part of the quadriceps. Conclusion: The 2-nerve course of the rat's waist is determined by the measurement of the anatomy and the detection of the electromyogram. And the innervation of the muscles is feasible. The second part of SD rats cut the back of the waist. Effect of post-treatment on the function of lower limb exercise: To study the effect of unilateral cutting of SD rat's waist-2 The study of the effect of root warp on the function of lower limb's motion: body weight of 250-30 0 g of adult male SD rats were divided into two groups, and the random number table method was divided into two groups. The animal model rats were taken from animal model rats at 4 weeks,6 weeks,8 weeks,12 weeks and 16 weeks after the injury respectively. HE-stained section and three-color stained section test. Results:1. General:38 large after operation The rats survived, and 40 rats were supplemented under the same conditions. The experimental group of the lower limb BBB of the surviving rats was 20.3 to 0.90, and the normal group was 21; and 3.20 of the experimental group SD rats were not recorded in the bilateral cerebral cortex to the SEP, according to the SEP. Standard and explanation for the success of the experimental group;4.4-head muscle, biceps femoris, anterior tibial muscle HE staining and three-color staining No significant atrophy of the corresponding myoblasts was found in the slice test. Conclusion: One side cut the back of SD rat.
【学位授予单位】：第二军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R687.3;R-332

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