《欲望号街车》人物塑造的认知文体学探究

发布时间：2018-01-07 06:23

本文关键词：《欲望号街车》人物塑造的认知文体学探究　出处：《杭州电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《欲望号街车》是美国著名剧作家田纳西·威廉斯早期的经典之作，剧中主要人物布兰奇·杜波依斯和斯坦利·柯瓦尔斯基一直备受国内外学者广泛而持续的关注。本文独辟蹊径，从认知文体学下人物塑造理论的视角出发，在关联理论和合作原则理论的引导与限制下，应用图式理论和归因理论，并紧密结合戏剧文本的语言线索，对《欲望号街车》中这两位主角的人物塑造进行研究。图式是一种把信息系统地储存在长期记忆中的认知结构,为读者提供自上而下的理解模式。人物形象首先由图式激活，读者通过已有图式知识和新信息相互整合，达到理解人物形象的目的。归因理论由对应推断理论和协变理论构成，前者通过分析人物行为与大众行为、个体单个行为及个体习惯行为吻合度的高低来推断出人物在某个情境下的某个行为是否反应了他本真的性格。对人物形象进行构建是读者对人物的理解过程，是作者与读者经由文本的互动过程。对布兰奇人物形象的构建源自三个图式，即“欲望”、“同性恋”和“好女人”。“欲望”构成了布兰奇命运变化的主线，是她悲剧的根源。它在标题中的出现预示着这部作品是欲望操纵下或走向幸福或走向毁灭的一段人生旅程。它在作品中一共出现过四次，每一次的出现都丰富了布兰奇人物的塑造。“同性恋”构成了她命运的转折点，而“好女人”则是她分裂人格的表象。在布兰奇的生活中，米奇承载了布兰奇的所有欲望，论文对她与米奇之间的关系进行归因，发现了她性格中一些真实而又相互矛盾的地方。作为一个青春将逝的南方美人，她举止优雅，有教养，是一个好女人的形象，然而，事实上，她的真实生活却将她的形象出卖，她性欲强烈，生活混乱，逃避现实，生活在自己的幻想中，脆弱，焦虑不安，精神因种种不幸逐渐崩溃，，最后斯坦利的强奸，导致她最终精神错乱，被送去疯人院。布兰奇自身的欲望在一定程度上毁灭了她自己。对斯坦利人物形象的构建，主要从“兽性”这一图式出发。“兽性”一词在作品中一共出现过五次，每一次的出现都强化了斯坦利人物的塑造。结合对他行为的归因可推断出他是一个粗鲁、野蛮的形象，暴力而缺乏理智，同时本能中充满了欲望，与史黛拉的关系正是由于性欲望而维系，而他导致布兰奇发疯的一击，正是他兽性中摧毁欲望的体现。斯坦利是崭新、多元化美国的代表，与布兰奇的南方思想格格不入，导致两者的强烈冲突，最后在这场较量中，斯坦利打破了布兰奇的欲望，充当了布兰奇悲剧的催化剂。论文采用细读文本和理论内省的方法，抓住人物塑造理论的新动态，从跨学科的角度探索了《欲望号街车》中两个主要人物的形象，丰富了戏剧作品人物形象研究的理论与实践。
[Abstract]:"A Streetcar Named Desire" is a famous American playwright Williams Tennessee early classic, the main characters, Blanche Dubois and Stanley Kowalski has been praised by the scholars at home and abroad widely attention. This paper is unique, from the cognitive stylistic characters under the perspective of the theory, in the guidance and limitations of relevance theory and cooperative principle theory. The application of Schema Theory and attribution theory, and combining with the dramatic text language clues on the two protagonists "A Streetcar Named Desire > characters were studied.
The schema is a cognitive structure information in the long-term memory storage system, provide the mode of understanding top-down to readers. The characters from the first schema activation, readers integrate each other through the existing schema knowledge and new information, to understand the characters. The attribution theory consists of the corresponding inference theory and covariant theory, the former through analysis of character behavior and public behavior, individual behavior and individual behavior with single level characters to infer a behavior in a context of not reflect his true character. The character image building is the reader to understand the characters of the process, is the author and the reader through the interactive process of the text.
The construction of Blanche characters from the three schemata, namely "desire", "gay" and "good woman". The "desire" constitutes the main line of Blanche's fate, is the cause of her tragedy. It is in the title indicates the emergence of this work is a desire to manipulate or happiness or to the destruction of the journey of life. It works there have been a total of four times, appearing every rich Blanche's characterization. "Gay" constitutes a turning point in her destiny, and the "good woman" is her split personality appearance. In the life of Blanche, Mickey Blanche carrying all desire the paper on the relationship between her and Mickey's attribution, found some local real and contradictory in her character. As a youth passing South Beauty, she is elegant, educated, is a good woman, However, in fact, her real life will betray her image, her strong desire of life, confusion, escapism, live in their own fantasy, fragile, anxiety, spirit of misfortunes collapsed gradually, finally Stanley's rape, she eventually leads to insanity, was sent to the asylum. Her own Blanche's desire to destroy in a certain extent.
The construction of Stanley characters, mainly from the "beast" of this schema. "Beast" is a word in the works appeared in a total of five times, each time has reinforced Stanley's characterization. Combined with the attribution of his behaviour can be inferred that he is a rude and savage image of violence at the same time and lack of reason, is full of desire and instinct, Stella's relationship is sustained due to sexual desire, and he led the Blanche crazy blow, is a manifestation of his brutal destroy desire. Stanley is new, the diversification of the representative of the United States, and Blanche's southern misfits thought, causing intense conflict between the two, finally in this game, Stanley broke Blanche's desire, Blanche's tragedy as catalyst.
Using the method of close reading of the text and Theoretical Introspection, grasp the theory of character portrayal of the developments, from the interdisciplinary perspective to explore "the two main characters in a Streetcar Named Desire" image, enrich the drama theory and Practice Research on the images of characters.

【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.073

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