论福斯特小说的生态意识

发布时间：2018-01-16 04:23

本文关键词：论福斯特小说的生态意识　出处：《江南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：爱德华·摩根·福斯特（Edward Morgan Foster，1879-1970）是20世纪英国著名小说家。作为英国小说从传统走向现代转折期的代表人物，福斯特被评论界称为现代英语小说创作大师。作家一生虽然只创作了六部长篇小说，但每部作品都蕴含着深刻的思想内涵。学术界对福斯特的作品曾做出过象征主义、后结构主义、后殖民主义、女性主义等多视角的解读，阐释了作品的丰富内涵，在学术界产生了较大的影响，但其小说中折射出丰富的生态思想却被人们所忽略。在九十一年的人生经验中，福斯特已切身体会到工业文明对人类造成的严重影响：科技力量破坏了美丽的自然环境，金钱至上的社会氛围激发出人的无限欲望，人与人之间的冷漠与隔阂越来越深。福斯特对大自然一直抱有特殊的感情，把自然视为人类的物质家园和精神家园。由于当前人类无视人与自然的亲密关系，各种欲望极度膨胀造成了严重的社会危机，因此，福斯特在作品中不断揭露和批判工业化进程所带来的人与自然关系的疏离，通过对人的精神危机和社会危机的思考，提出人与自然是共生的一个整体，人类不能离开自然独立生存的思想，希望人们能改正对自然的态度，重新回到自然，回到人类生存和发展的根本之处。论文由绪论、正文和结语三部分组成。正文分为三章：第一章首先对福斯特思想中生态意识的产生背景做细致分析，从高度发达的工业社会背景、个人成长经历、家庭和大学教育以及作者游历四方的多彩历程等方面，梳理福斯特生态思想产生的脉络。其次根据福斯特写作的主要方向从他的生态创作中清理出自然书写和自然人性两条线索。第二章是结合三部具体作品分析了福斯特小说的生态意识：《看得见风景的房间》从一个女性的精神成长分析了福斯特小说中的精神生态，并以此为出发点透视了个人的精神生态与社会生态之间互为影响的关系；《霍华德庄园》通过两个不同性质社会成员的婚姻联结来分析工业文明对社会生态的影响，推理出社会生态不仅包括政治经济属性还包括自然属性，破坏自然就是在破坏社会的结论；《印度之行》进一步分析了人类的整体生态状况，解构人类中心主义的思想，认为自然不只是人类的自然，，更是所有生命的自然。福斯特从第一部作品开始就在逐渐扩大其生态思考的范围，从个人到社会，再到整个生态系统，试图提醒我们要用联系的观点，从整体的角度去观察和思考问题。第三章通过分析福斯特在作品中对传统自然观和人生观的改造，来展现其生态的自然观和人生观，在两者的基础上展现福斯特的生态理想之图景。
[Abstract]:Edward Morgan Foster. In 20th century, the famous British novelist, as a representative of the British novel from the traditional to the modern transition period. Foster has been called a master of modern English novel creation by critics. Although the writer has only created six novels in his life. But every work contains profound ideological connotations. The academic circles have made the interpretation of symbolism, post-structuralism, post-colonialism, feminism and so on. It explains the rich connotation of the works and has a great influence in the academic circles, but the rich ecological thought reflected in its novels has been ignored by people. In the 91 years of life experience. Foster has come to realize the serious impact of industrial civilization on human beings: the power of science and technology has destroyed the beautiful natural environment, and the social atmosphere of money primacy has inspired the infinite desire of human beings. The apathy and estrangement between people is getting deeper and deeper. Foster has always had a special feeling for nature and regards nature as the material and spiritual homeland of human beings. Because of the current human disregard for the intimate relationship between man and nature. The extreme expansion of various desires caused a serious social crisis. Therefore, in his works, Foster constantly exposed and criticized the alienation of the relationship between man and nature brought about by the process of industrialization. Through the thinking of human spiritual crisis and social crisis, the author points out that man and nature are a whole of symbiosis, human beings can not leave the thought of nature living independently, and hope that people can correct their attitude towards nature and return to nature again. Return to the root of human survival and development. The thesis is composed of introduction, text and conclusion. The text is divided into three chapters: the first chapter makes a detailed analysis of the background of the ecological consciousness in Foster's thought, from the highly developed industrial and social background. Personal growth experience, family and university education, and the author's colorful journey and so on. Secondly, according to the main direction of Foster's writing, the author clears out two clues of natural writing and natural nature from his ecological creation. The second chapter analyzes Fu in combination with three concrete works. The ecological consciousness of St's novels:. The Room of visible scenery analyzes the spiritual ecology in Foster's novels from the perspective of a woman's spiritual growth. From this point of view, the author analyzes the relationship between individual spiritual ecology and social ecology. Howard Manor analyzes the influence of industrial civilization on social ecology through the marriage connection of two different social members, and infer that social ecology includes not only political and economic attributes but also natural attributes. To destroy nature is to destroy the conclusion of society; The trip to India further analyzes the overall ecological situation of human beings, deconstructs the idea of anthropocentrism, and holds that nature is not only human nature. It is the nature of all life. From the beginning of his first work, Foster has gradually expanded the scope of his ecological thinking, from the individual to the society, to the whole ecosystem, trying to remind us to use the point of view of connection. From the perspective of the whole to observe and think about the problem. The third chapter through the analysis of Foster in his works on the transformation of the traditional view of nature and outlook on life to show his ecological view of nature and outlook on life. On the basis of both shows Foster's ecological ideal picture.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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