《宠儿》中的黑人男性身份构建

发布时间：2018-01-26 19:02

本文关键词： 《宠儿》黑人男性身份构建　出处：《温州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：托妮·莫里森是杰出的美国黑人文学巨匠、第一位荣获诺贝尔文学奖的黑人女性作家，也是当代文学界最具才华、最有影响力的非裔美国女性作家。她的作品，尤其是小说，内容深刻，魅力独特。带着一种强烈的种族使命感，托妮·莫里森从创作之时起就致力于美国黑人的解放和身份构建之路。她的所有十部小说都可以被解读为关于美国黑人身份构建的作品，而《宠儿》无疑是其中最经典的作品。在白人主导的文化下，黑人身份在美国黑人历史上一直是困扰美国黑人的问题。无论是在农奴制时期，还是黑人解放之后，，美国黑人身份一直以来都遭到白人文化的贬低。黑人被视为低级动物，或者劣等种族。他们的身份总是和负面的词语相联系，一直处于危机之中。因此，黑人男性的形象塑造在黑人文学中一直占据一个重要的位置。黑人文学尤其是以黑人男性身份为主题的经典文学作品对于当代黑人男性获得其主体性从而走出身份有着重要的意义。同时，这些作品对仍然处于社会底层失语状态的受压迫男性为获取活着的尊严也有着重要的启示意义。从解构主义视角来说，《宠儿》可以视为是一部反映美国黑人种族在融入美国白人统治社会的复杂过程的身份建构小说。在这部小说中，莫里森试图从自我关系、与他者的关系、与物质世界的关系三个层面建构黑人男性身份。首先，小说通过细致入微地刻画男性主角保罗·D对男子汉定义理解的心理变化揭示了黑人男性的内心挣扎和自我身份意识的觉醒，并从黑人与自我的关系方面构建黑人男性身份。其次，小说通过描写男性主角对性的不同态度的变化揭露了种族歧视和压迫对黑人男性身心的摧残，进而从黑人男性与与他人关系方面构建了黑人男性身份。最后，小说通过对男性主角“家”的不断变化以及最后回归到赛丝身边的细节描写诉说了黑人生活的悲惨境地以及建构家庭的艰难，并从黑人男性与物质世界关系方面构建了黑人男性身份。在写作技巧上，莫里森运用象征手法，指明了黑人男性身份构建的必由之路，即只有去直面、去理解往昔不堪回首的蓄奴制的历史，才能开创出未来安定的生活，才能够最终找到自己的归宿感。
[Abstract]:Toni Morrison is an outstanding black American literary mastermind, the first black female writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature, and the most talented and influential African-American woman writer of contemporary literature. Her work. Especially the novel, the content is profound, the charm is unique, with a strong sense of racial mission. Toni Morrison has been working on the emancipation and identity building of black Americans from the time she was created. All ten of her novels can be interpreted as works on the building of black American identity. Beloved is undoubtedly one of the most classic of the works. In the white-dominated culture, black identity has always been a problem for black Americans in the history of the United States, whether in the period of serfdom or after the liberation of blacks. American black identity has always been belittled by white culture. Black people are regarded as inferior animals or inferior races. Their identity is always associated with negative words and has always been in crisis. The portrayal of black men has always occupied an important position in black literature. Black literature, especially the classical literature with the theme of black male identity, has gained its subjectivity for contemporary black men and thus emerged from it. Share has important meaning. And at the same time. These works also have important enlightenment to the oppressed men who are still in the state of aphasia at the bottom of society in order to gain the dignity of living. From the perspective of deconstruction, beloved can be regarded as a complex identity construction novel that reflects the American black race's integration into the white American ruling society. Morrison tries to construct black male identity from three aspects: self-relation, relationship with other, and relationship with material world. The novel reveals the inner struggle of black men and the awakening of self-identity consciousness by meticulously portraying the psychological changes of Paul D.'s understanding of the definition of masculinity. And from the relationship between black and self-building black male identity. Secondly, the novel through the description of the male protagonist's different attitudes to sex changes exposed racial discrimination and oppression of the black male physical and mental destruction. Then it constructs the black male identity from the aspect of black male and relationship with others. Finally. Through the constant changes of the male protagonist "Home" and the detailed description of his return to Seth's side, the novel tells the tragic situation of black life and the difficulty of building a family. In writing skills, Morrison used symbolism to point out the only way to construct black male identity, that is, to face it directly. Only by understanding the unthinkable history of slavery can we create a stable life in the future and finally find our own sense of belonging.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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