绝望与希望：麦卡锡的小说《路》中末日世界的救赎

发布时间：2018-01-31 21:42

  本文关键词： 《路》 绝望 希望 末日世界 救赎　出处：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当代美国作家科马克·麦卡锡的小说《路》通过描绘一对无名的父子艰难求生于核灾难之后的世界,创造了一个语言死亡、历史终结以及个体消逝的破碎的末日世界景象。这对父子在绝望中寻求希望,试图走出一条希望的救赎之路。本文根据詹姆逊的后现代空间理论来解读这部小说。科技的高度发展直接促生了后现代空间。小说中父子艰难行走其中的末日世界即是工业化和后现代资本主义不断扩张的产物。在这个末日世界,生态和人类文明被彻底粉碎,根植语言的语义基础荡然无存。能指与所指之间不再是一对一的关系,从而导致了语言的死亡。语言的消亡使幸存者被从人类历史中割裂开来而无法进行自我定位。人们发现自身存在其中的世界已无历史性可言。人类失去了与自身历史的联系而生活于永恒的现在,其现实体验便变成了追求当前满足的空间性体验。此外,由于无法进行自我定位,人类感到迷失感而失去对外部世界的控制能力。父亲等人的死亡预示着独立的个体已经无法在后现代空间中生存。根据詹姆逊的理论,认知测绘是一种全面掌握后现代空间的方法。即个体对周围的重新认知并重建相互关系。认知测绘是一种再现方式,是一种将个人和社会联系起来的隐喻。面对残酷的末日世界,父亲积极适应新的环境与挑战,通过语言和行动向儿子传递希望与爱。而儿子拥有着一颗善良热情的心,带着父亲传递的希望之火,与外部世界积极融合。最终遇到了他心中的好人并和他们一同继续前行。儿子的末日之行显示了一种新文明的雏形,代表着一种希望与救赎的力量。《路》折射了麦卡锡对现实生活的关注,融入了对人类终极命运的忧思以及拯救世界的探索,为工业社会的不断发展敲响了警钟。小说中的父子同行之路正代表着一种希望与救赎的力量以及人类生存地图的重构。
[Abstract]:Contemporary American writer Mark McCarthy's novel the Road creates a linguistic death by depicting a world in which an unknown father and son struggle to survive the nuclear disaster. The end of history and the shattered apocalyptic world of the individual. The father and son seek hope in despair. This paper interprets the novel according to Jameson's postmodern space theory. The high development of science and technology directly promotes the post-modern space. In the novel, father and son walk hard in the apocalypse. The world is the product of the constant expansion of industrialization and post-modern capitalism, in this apocalyptic world. Ecology and human civilization have been completely shattered, and the semantic basis of the rooted language has disappeared. There is no longer a one-to-one relationship between the signifier and the signifier. This led to the death of language. The demise of language separated survivors from human history and could not identify themselves. People found that there was no history in the world in which they existed. The link between history and living in the eternal present. Its real experience has become the spatial experience of pursuing the current satisfaction. In addition, it is impossible to position itself. Human beings feel lost and lose control of the outside world. The death of fathers and others indicates that independent individuals can no longer survive in post-modern space, according to Jameson's theory. Cognitive mapping is a way to master the post-modern space in an all-round way. That is to say, individuals rerecognize their surroundings and reconstruct their mutual relations. Cognitive mapping is a way of reproduction. It is a metaphor that connects the individual and the society. In the face of the cruel apocalyptic world, father actively adapts to the new environment and challenges. Through words and actions to send hope and love to the son, and the son has a kind and warm heart, with the father's fire of hope. Active integration with the outside world. Finally meets the good people in his heart and goes on with them. The son's doomsday trip shows the embryonic form of a new civilization. It represents a power of hope and redemption. The Road reflects McCarthy's concern for real life, his concern for the ultimate destiny of mankind and the exploration of saving the world. The road between father and son in the novel represents the power of hope and redemption and the reconstruction of map of human existence.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I712.074

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