福柯权力与话语理论观照下的三部马梅特戏剧

发布时间：2018-03-15 01:30

本文选题：大卫·马梅特　切入点：米歇尔·福柯　出处：《南京师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：大卫·马梅特作为当今美国戏剧的领军人物之一,一直致力于探讨现代美国社会中人与人之间的关系。在其笔下,人物关系在追逐权力及争夺控制权的过程中变得扭曲。本文从米歇尔·福柯权力、话语理论及哲学思想出发,在仔细阅读马梅特三部代表作《美国野牛》、《舞台生涯》、《奥利安娜》的基础上,深入挖掘了贯穿于剧本中的权力关系,并进一步分析了话语在建立及颠覆权力关系中所起的作用。论文认为：首先,权力关系以师生关系模式得以体现：三部戏剧中,年长且满腹经纶的人物自然而然地担起教师的角色,支配着身处劣势的学生,以此获取权力、维护自己的权威。其次,权力关系还表现在两性关系当中：权力斗争引发了男女之间的紧张与冲突。剧中男性角色为了巩固其男性权威,通过排斥女性、使其边缘化并剥夺女性的话语权来操控女性。然而,权力关系是一个流动的体系,权力关系中被压迫和排斥的一方,最终会奋起反抗,颠覆两者之间的原有关系。因此,三部剧最终以学生的奋起反击和女性的主动斗争,而彻底颠覆了原有的师生模式和男女关系。最后,论文讨论了三部剧中话语与权力之关系,论文作者认为：权力又是凭借话语来维系的：教师通过对学生教诲、训诫,控制话语权,从而将学生置于自己权力的掌控之下；但学生最终通过夺得话语权又反败为胜,实现了逆转。男性角色通过垄断话语权来操控女性,但是女性也渐渐自我强大起来,摆脱了边缘角色,掌握话语权,最终成功地颠覆了男性权威,从而将福柯的权力、话语理论演绎得淋漓尽致。
[Abstract]:David Mamet, one of the leading figures in American drama today, has been working on the relationship between people in modern American society. The relationship between people becomes distorted in the pursuit of power and the struggle for control. This paper starts with Michele Foucault's power, discourse theory and philosophy. On the basis of carefully reading the three masterpieces of American Buffalo, stage career and Ollie An Na, this paper explores the power relations throughout the script, and further analyzes the role of discourse in the establishment and subversion of power relations. First of all, the power relationship can be reflected by the teacher-student relationship: in the three plays, the older and more prominent characters naturally assume the role of teachers and dominate the students at a disadvantage in order to gain power. Second, power relations are also manifested in gender relations: power struggles lead to tension and conflict between men and women. The male characters in the play, in order to consolidate their male authority, reject women. Marginalizing it and depriving women of their voice to manipulate women. However, power relations are a fluid system in which the oppressed and excluded side of the power relationship will eventually rise up and subvert the original relationship between the two. In the end, the three plays subvert the original mode of teachers and students and the relationship between men and women with the students fighting back and women's initiative. Finally, the paper discusses the relationship between discourse and power in the three plays. The author believes that power is maintained by words: teachers put students under their control by teaching, admonishing, and controlling the right to speak, but the students finally lose by winning the right to speak. The male role manipulates women by monopolizing the right to speak, but women gradually become stronger themselves, get rid of the marginal role, hold the right of speech, and finally subvert the authority of men successfully, thus bringing Foucault's power. The theory of discourse is interpreted incisively and vividly.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.073

【相似文献】