《一九八四》中温斯顿的生存困境研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 20:38

本文选题：乔治·奥威尔 + 《一九八四》　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：乔治·奥威尔是世界公认的杰出小说家之一,在其诸多作品中,出版于一九四九年的《一九八四》因为其对极权主义社会的预言,对反乌托邦社会的敏锐描写,以及对同时代社会事件的尖锐讽刺而引发最多争议。尽管世人将奥威尔归类于政治作家,且其写作也基本是因为有感于党派偏见和社会不公,但对于他本人及其作品的分析却不能仅仅围绕政治角度,否则其作品的文学价值可能被忽略。《一九八四》很好地反映了奥威尔将政治性写作变成一种艺术所作出的努力。小说形象地展示出一个令人窒息的专制社会,表现了在任何形式的极权主义统治下,个人与社会不可避免的命运。小说主人公温斯顿有时也被看做是作者奥威尔自身的投射；他的命运清晰地展示出在社会异化力量面前个人的生存困境。本论文运用萨特的存在主义理论对温斯顿的生存问题进行分析。本论文划分为三个部分：第一章讨论了主人公温斯顿的生存处境,揭示了其所生活世界的荒诞和其所经受的痛苦。第二章则分析了在极权统治下温斯顿的心理变化,他的选择以及他在选择下所承担的责任构成了本章节所探讨的各方面。本章还突出分析了温斯顿不顾严厉的惩罚而进行反抗。第三章探讨了小说中最为反乌托邦的部分和分析温斯顿的悲剧性下场。温斯顿与奥布莱恩之间的对抗展现出了温斯顿最终消解的过程。本论文认为温斯顿反抗的价值不在于他是否最终赢得胜利而在于他反抗行为的本身和其反抗的勇气。
[Abstract]:George Orwell is one of the most recognized and outstanding novelists in the world. Among his many works, 1984, published in 1949, is a sharp description of the dystopian society because of its prophecy of totalitarian society.And the sharp satire of contemporary social events caused the most controversy.Despite the fact that Orwell is classified as a political writer and whose writing is largely based on feelings of partisanship and social injustice, the analysis of himself and his work cannot be based solely on a political perspective.Otherwise, the literary value of his works may be neglected. < 1984 > reflects Orwell's efforts to turn political writing into an art.The novel vividly shows a suffocating autocratic society and shows the inevitable fate of the individual and society under any form of totalitarian rule.Winston, the protagonist of the novel, is sometimes seen as the author's own projection; his fate clearly shows his personal plight in the face of social alienation.This thesis uses Sartre's existentialism theory to analyze Winston's existence.This thesis is divided into three parts: the first chapter discusses the existence of Winston the protagonist and reveals the absurdity of the world in which he lives and the suffering he suffers.The second chapter analyzes the psychological changes of Winston under totalitarian rule, his choice and his responsibility under the choice, which constitute the aspects discussed in this chapter.This chapter also highlights Winston's defiance despite severe punishment.The third chapter discusses the most dystopian part of the novel and analyzes Winston's tragic fate.The confrontation between Winston and O'Brien showed Winston's final resolution.This paper argues that the value of Winston's resistance lies not in whether he wins or not, but in his resistance and courage.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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