论波伏瓦女性主义思想中的自由观念

发布时间：2018-04-27 04:22

本文选题：波伏瓦 + 自由　；参考：《河北大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：西蒙娜·德·波伏瓦是一个传奇性的人物，她是二十世纪法国著名的文学家、思想家和女性主义者。波伏瓦通过自己的亲身经历逐渐意识到女性是不自由的，女性是生存在男性的庇护和阴影之下的。她借鉴了萨特等人关于自由的观点，人的存在是绝对自由的，人之所以不自由是因为处境的限制，女人是在男权制的世界里被确立的，“女人不是天生的，是逐渐形成的”，，女人在父权制的统治下一直处于他者的地位，他者的处境也是造成女性不自由的主要原因。波伏瓦在《第二性》中论述了女人是如何沦为他者的，生理处境使得女性具有成为他者的可能性，男权制的统治使得女性的他者地位成为必然。在男性看来，女性是不具备自己的超越性的，女性只是自在存在，只有男性才是自为存在的，男性存在的本身就是自由的。男性就是超越性的化身，他们更具计划性和创造性，他们创造世界的同时也实现了自身。女性的他者处境促使我们探索自由和解放的道路，波伏瓦用自己的实际行动来验证自己的理论。波伏瓦分析了女性他者的生存处境，她意识到经济和精神的独立对于女性的重要性，主体性的明确和确立才能摆脱对男人的依附，才能逐渐从“女性气质”中解脱出来，实现自身的超越性。
[Abstract]:Simone de Beaufoy is a legendary figure. She is a famous French writer, thinker and feminist in the 20th century. Through his own experience, Beaufort gradually realized that women are not free, and that women live under the shelter and shadow of men. She draws lessons from Sartre and others on freedom, the existence of human beings is absolutely free, the reason why people are not free because of the constraints of the situation, women are established in the patriarchal world, "Women are not born, they are gradually formed." Women have always been in the position of the other under the patriarchal rule, and the situation of the other is also the main cause of women's unfreedom. In "the second Sex", Bovova discusses how women become the other, the physiological situation makes women have the possibility of being the other, and the rule of the patriarchal system makes the status of the other of the women inevitable. In the view of men, women do not have their own transcendence, women are only free existence, only men are self-existence, male existence itself is free. Men are the embodiment of transcendence, they are more planned and creative, they create the world at the same time realize themselves. The other situation of women prompts us to explore the road of freedom and liberation. She realized the importance of economic and spiritual independence to women, and the clarity and establishment of subjectivity was the only way to get rid of the dependence on men and gradually extricate herself from "femininity". Realize one's own transcendence.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I565.06

【参考文献】