马拉默德《修配工》中的创伤研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 02:06

本文选题：马拉默德 + 《修配工》　；参考：《宁夏大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：伯纳德·马拉默德是美国现代文学中杰出的犹太裔作家。他的作品因其选取犹太民族的苦难与隐忍的独特视角而被大众所青睐。小说《修配工》发表于1966年,其创作基于一个发生在俄国的门德尔·贝利斯真实案件。然而,许多学者把目光都放在对其另一部小说《伙计》(1957)的研究上,对《修配工》的研究相对不足。目前关于这部小说研究主要探讨其主题,修辞技巧与意象及犹太裔美国文学的发展趋势等问题,对于创伤方面的分析不够全面。因此,本文根据创伤理论分析马拉默德的小说《修配工》。本论文简要介绍了马拉默德的生平及文学成就,并对他的作品《修配工》中的情节及人物加以概述。在分析国内外学者对《修配工》的研究基础上阐释了本文的研究意义,同时还系统的介绍论文中所采用的克鲁斯以及赫尔曼的创伤理论。论文基于创伤理论中的创伤形成原因,创伤之后的症候及复原全过程等方面对《修配工》中主人公雅柯夫所受的心理创伤进行详解。首先研究了引起创伤的两个因素—政治因素及家庭因素,并反复强调反犹主义对犹太民族造成的心理创伤。其次分析了雅柯夫在创伤后应激障碍定义下的三种创伤症候：过分觉醒,侵入及紧压。对其创伤症候的描述不仅再现了反犹主义的残酷,同时也揭示了马拉默德对对可怜的犹太人民的深切同情。此外,论文还描述了雅柯夫在重新得到权力及建立联系的原则下的创伤复原过程。虽然雅柯夫复原过程由于第二阶段的哀悼部分误入复仇幻想的歧途而使得全过程未完成,作者马拉默德仍强调了公众积极支持的力量,号召人们勇敢反抗反犹主义的暴行。通过以上对小说中的创伤分析,本论文对小说主人公及与其相似的犹太民族所受心理创伤研究已初步达到全面且系统的论述并得出以下结论：马拉默德的作品《修配工》不仅为广大读者提供了一个犹太人民在迫害之下的悲惨故事,还通过对创伤起因,创伤症候及复原过程的描写为读者完整呈现小说人物的创伤。《修配工》还揭示了马拉默德对犹太人民的深切同情,号召人们勇敢反抗反犹主义的暴行。
[Abstract]:Bernard Malamud is an outstanding Jewish writer in modern American literature. His works are favored by the public because of their unique perspective of Jewish suffering and tolerance. The novel, published in 1966, is based on a real case of Mendel Beliz in Russia. However, many scholars focus their attention on the study of his other novel "Dude" (1957), but the study of "the fitter" is relatively insufficient. At present, the research on this novel mainly discusses its theme, rhetorical skills and images, and the development trend of Jewish American literature, but the analysis of trauma is not comprehensive enough. Therefore, according to trauma theory, this paper analyzes Malamud's novel the fitter. This paper briefly introduces Malamud's life and literary achievements, and summarizes the plot and characters in his works. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign scholars' research on "repair worker", the significance of this paper is explained, and the trauma theory of Cruise and Herman is also introduced systematically. Based on the causes of trauma in trauma theory, the symptoms after trauma and the whole process of recovery, the thesis explains the psychological trauma suffered by Yakoff, the protagonist of "the fitter". This paper first studies the two factors that cause the trauma-political factor and family factor, and emphasizes repeatedly the psychological trauma caused by anti-Semitism to the Jewish people. Secondly, three kinds of traumatic symptoms under the definition of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were analyzed: overawakening, invasion and compression. The description of its traumatic symptoms not only reproduces the cruelty of anti-Semitism, but also reveals Malamud's deep sympathy for the poor Jewish people. In addition, the paper describes the recovery process of Yakoff under the principle of regaining power and establishing contact. Although the process of Yakoff's recovery is incomplete because part of the second phase of mourning is misled into revenge fantasies, Malamud emphasizes the forces of active public support and calls on people to resist the atrocities of anti-Semitism. Based on the above analysis of trauma in the novel, In this thesis, the study on the psychological trauma of the protagonist and the Jewish people like him has reached a preliminary comprehensive and systematic discussion and draws the following conclusion: Malamud's works "the fitter" not only provides a wide range of readers. A tragic story of the Jewish people being persecuted, Through the description of the causes of the trauma, the symptoms of the trauma and the process of recovery, the readers are presented with the trauma of the characters in the novel. "the fitter" also reveals Malamud's deep sympathy for the Jewish people, and calls on the people to resist the atrocities of anti-Semitism.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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