文学伦理学批评视角下的《紫颜色》

发布时间：2018-05-27 02:26

本文选题：伦理环境 + 伦理身份　；参考：《广西师范学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：艾丽斯·沃克是20世纪美国非裔文学的代表作家之一，被誉为黑人妇女文学的代言人。她的小说创作始终植根于美国南方黑人的文化传统，内容主要反映深受社会和黑人男性双重压迫的黑人妇女的爱与恨，表现她们自我成长和追求个性完整的斗争。1982年出版的《紫颜色》是沃克对黑人女性文学的一大贡献，并于1983年为沃克揽下美国文学界的两项大奖—普利策小说奖和美国国家图书奖。在国外，沃克的作品一度备受关注，国内学术界近年来也对其作品颇多关注，但对沃克作品的文学批评多从妇女主义角度展开分析，鲜有发现从文学伦理学批评视角展开研究。文学伦理学批评是一种文学批评方法,最早由聂珍钊教授提出,并在多位学者的共同努力下发展起来，它认为文学是特定历史阶段伦理观念和道德生活的独特表达形式，文学在本质上是伦理的艺术。它旨在从当时的伦理立场来解读，分析和阐释文学作品，探寻作品中导致社会事件和影响人物命运的伦理因素，并从历史的角度做出道德评价。伦理，伦理环境，伦理身份，伦理意识，伦理选择等都是该批评方法的核心术语。本文试图以文学伦理学批评方法为大框架，，从伦理环境压迫，伦理身份缺失，伦理意识觉醒这三个层面来对《紫颜色》进行系统研究，探讨《紫颜色》中沃克对黑人女性形象的刻画，以便更好地理解艾丽斯.沃克求真求善求圣的人文伦理思想及伦理诉求。本文共由六部分组成。第一章是论文的引言部分。这一章扼要介绍沃克的生平，文学成就。重点放在对沃克及其《紫颜色》的国内外研究现状的介绍上。第二章简要阐释文学伦理学批评方法的概念和这一理论的主要内容。进而提出以文学伦理学的批评方法为主要框架,用文本细读的方式探索分析《紫颜色》中蕴含的丰富伦理内涵。最后提出本论文的研究意义。第三章研究伦理环境的压迫，人总是生活在一定的社会环境中,通过分析黑人与白人社会以及黑人与黑人内部社区的关系,探讨作者在该层面“求真”的伦理态度与追求，凸显了沃克对黑人与白人社会之间，黑人男性与黑人女性之间建立一种和谐,平等关系这一真理的诠释。第四章详细分析伦理身份的缺失,伦理身份总是通过与他人的关系体现出来的,通过分析黑人女性与父母,丈夫的关系，探究作者在该层面“求善”的伦理主张，彰显了沃克对独立爱黑人姐妹情谊这些不同形式善的倡导。第五章主要论述伦理意识的觉醒。伦理意识反映的是人与自我的关系，探寻作者在该层面“求圣”的伦理诉求。自省经济独立悔改向善是沃克所追求的“圣”的表现形式与实现途径。第六章是论文的结论部分。本论文认为沃克在《紫颜色》中无情的揭示了黑人女性的悲惨境遇，并提出了自己的伦理诉求，真理平等爱经济独立以及黑人女性的姐妹情谊是黑人女性获得成长的一剂良药同时黑人民族要获得真正意义上的解放，黑人男性的自省与完善也是必要的。
[Abstract]:Alice Walker, one of the representative writers of American African American Literature in the twentieth Century, is praised as the spokesperson for the black women's literature. Her novel is rooted in the cultural tradition of the black people in the south of the United States. The content mainly reflects the love and hatred of the black women who are deeply oppressed by both the society and the black men, and shows their self growth and the pursuit of personality. The "purple color", published in the complete struggle in.1982, is a great contribution to the black women's literature by Walker. In 1983, it was Walker's two awards for the American literary world - Pulitzer's prize and the National Book Award for the United States. In foreign countries, Walker's works have been paid much attention to. The literary criticism of his works is mostly analyzed from the perspective of feminism, and few of them have been found from the perspective of Literary Ethics Criticism. Literary Ethics Criticism is a literary criticism method, which was first proposed by Professor Nie Zhenzhao and developed under the joint efforts of many scholars. It thinks that literature is the ethical concept and way of a specific historical stage. The unique expression form of moral life, literature is essentially an ethical art. It aims to interpret and analyze and interpret literary works from the ethical standpoint of the time, to explore the ethical factors that lead to social events and to influence the fate of the characters, and to make a moral evaluation from a historical point of view. This paper tries to make a systematic study of "purple color >" from the three levels of ethical environment oppression, lack of ethical identity and the awakening of ethical consciousness to explore the portrayal of Walker's image of black people in the purple color in order to better understand Ai Li. Walker seeks truth, seeks for goodness, seeks the humanistic ethical thought and ethical appeal of saint.
This article is composed of six parts.
The first chapter is the introduction of the thesis. This chapter is a brief introduction to Walker's life and literary achievements. The emphasis is on the present situation at home and abroad of Walker and his < purple color >.
The second chapter briefly explains the concept of the method of Literary Ethics Criticism and the main content of this theory, and then puts forward that the main frame of the criticism method of Literary Ethics is to explore and analyze the rich ethical connotation contained in the purple color in the way of text reading. Finally, the significance of this thesis is put forward.
The third chapter studies the oppression of the ethical environment. People always live in a certain social environment. Through the analysis of the relationship between black and white society and the inner community of black and black, the author explores the ethical attitude and pursuit of the author "seeking truth" at this level, and highlights Walker's Construction between black and white society, black men and black women. An interpretation of the truth of a kind of harmony and equality.
The fourth chapter analyzes the lack of ethical identity in detail. Ethical identity is always reflected by the relationship with others. Through the analysis of the relationship between the black women and their parents and their husbands, the author explores the author's ethical ideas of "seeking good" at this level, and highlights Walker's advocacy of the different forms of kindness, love, black sister and sister love.
The fifth chapter mainly discusses the awakening of ethical consciousness. The ethical consciousness reflects the relationship between man and self, and seeks the ethical demands of the author to "seek holy" at this level. Self reflection, economic independence, repentance and kindness are the forms and ways of Walker's pursuit of "Saint".
The sixth chapter is the conclusion of the thesis. This thesis holds that Walker unrelentlessly reveals the tragic situation of black women in the purple color, and puts forward his own ethical demands. The truth? Equality? Love? Economic independence and the sisterhood of black women are a good medicine for black women to grow and the black people have to get real meaning. Emancipation, black men's introspection and improvement is also necessary.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】