性别语言差异在小说《爱玛》中的分析

发布时间：2018-06-04 14:51

本文选题：性别语言差异 + 合作原则　；参考：《山西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：早在二十世纪六十年代，性别语言差异就引起众多语言学家以及人类学家的的关注。早期的性别语言研究主要集中于男女不同的语言特征上面。后来随着语言学和社会语言学的飞速发展，性别语言的研究逐渐延伸到了更广的范围。许多学者开始关注跨性别交际中的男女不同言语风格及其功能。Lakoff(1975)分别从词汇和句法方面对女性的言语特征以及性别语言差异进行了研究。本文是以Lakoff(1975)的性别言语特征，Grice(1983)和Leech(1983)的礼貌合作原则作为理论框架来研究小说男女主人公的不同言语特征。本文是在之前的研究成果的基础上，以简奥斯汀的小说《爱玛》第一卷为语料，分别从词汇、句法和会话三个层面来分析小说中性别语言的差异。同时通过表格统计和说明四个主要人物在不同词汇和句法特征方面的使用频率分布情况。根据数据分析，本文得到以下发现： 1.女性在使用强化词、感叹词、夸张形容词以及反义疑问句和模糊语等方面的频率比男性要多。由于女性更加敏感，因而她们在会话中更多地使用强化词、感叹词和夸张形容词。很多情况下，她们使用较多的反义疑问句和模糊语来降低话语的语力，使她们看起来更加地委婉、温和及礼貌。 2.男女主人公在会话过程中对礼貌与合作准则的遵守与违反各不相同。男性在会话中更倾向于竞争性和主导性，他们易违反其准则。而女性则倾向于合作和顺从，她们更多地遵守其准则来营造良好的交际气氛。本文还对性别语言差异的原因进行了探讨，并期望给今后的英语学习者提供有益的帮助，，使他们对本篇小说—《爱玛》有了更加深刻的理解和认识。
[Abstract]:As early as the 1960 s, gender language differences attracted the attention of many linguists and anthropologists. Early studies of gender language focused on the different linguistic characteristics of men and women. Later, with the rapid development of linguistics and sociolinguistics, the study of gender language gradually extended to a wider range. Many scholars began to pay attention to the different speech styles and their functions of men and women in transgender communication. This paper studies the different speech characteristics of the male and female protagonists in the novel based on the politeness and cooperation principles of Lakoffin 1975) and Leechen 1983). Based on the previous research results, this paper takes the first volume of Jane Austen's novel Emma as the corpus to analyze the gender language differences in the novel from the lexical, syntactic and conversational levels. At the same time, the distribution of the use frequency of the four main characters in different lexical and syntactic features is analyzed by tabular statistics. Based on the data analysis, the following findings are obtained: 1. Women use more intensifiers, interjections, exaggerated adjectives, antonyms and ambiguities than men. Because women are more sensitive, they use more intensive words, interjections and exaggerated adjectives in conversation. In many cases, they use more antonyms and ambiguities to reduce the verbal power and make them appear more euphemistic, gentle and polite. 2. In the course of conversation, the hero and heroine observe and violate the politeness and cooperation rules. Men tend to be competitive and dominant in conversation, and they tend to violate their norms. Women, on the other hand, tend to be cooperative and submissive. They tend to adhere to their norms to create a good social atmosphere. This paper also explores the causes of gender differences in language, and hopes to provide useful help to English learners in the future so that they can have a deeper understanding of this novel, Emma.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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