解析武者小路实笃的文学特征

发布时间：2018-06-05 15:34

本文选题：白桦派 + 武者小路实笃　；参考：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：白桦派是日本文坛上重要的文学流派之一。武者小路实笃是白桦派的代表作家。他受到托尔斯泰的影响，反对战争，同情弱者，在日本发动侵略战争时期，写下许多谴责日本军国主义的作品，其代表作是剧本《一个青年的梦》、《妹妹》等。在《一个青年的梦》中，他借助青年和他人的对话，表现了战争给人类带来的痛苦，表达了对于战争的不满。《妹妹》是武者小路实笃的第一篇反对战争的作品。他对在战争中失去双眼的主人公给予同情。 1918年他为了实现一个没有阶级的和平社会，创建了新村，开始了他的新生活。对于武者小路实笃建立的“新村”，引起日本文学界很大的反响，然而，新村运动却因脱离了现实而失败。1926年，他迎来了文学创作的挫折，失业了十年。他提倡人道主义思想但又不是彻底的人道主义者，在第二次战争期间，当其他作家采取消极的抵抗行为时，武者小路却抛弃了最初的人道主义精神，从侵略战争的反对者，转而为美化战争和战争合理化而创作了《大东亚战争私感》等描写战争的作品。本论文共分为五部分，第一部分主要是介绍白桦派的成立以及武者小路的初期的文学创作之路。白桦派是日本文坛上的一颗闪耀的明星。这一派的组成者大都出身贵族，接受良好的学院教育，他们崇尚自由，主张尊重自我，反对战争，同情弱者。他们高举人道主义旗帜，寻求光明快乐的人生。这一派别的主要代表作家有，武者小路实笃，志贺直哉，有岛五郎等。武者小路实笃的初期作品，大多受托尔斯泰的影响，站在尊重自我，同情弱者的立场上进行文学创作的。第二部分主要写武者小路前期的文学特征，主要体现为人道主义精神和反战思想在作品中的体现。他前期的代表作主要是《一个青年的梦》和《妹妹》。这两部作品中表现了战争给人们带来的痛苦以及流露了对于战争的不满。第三部分主要是写战争年代日本作家的创作背景和武者小路实笃的文学创作。从日本自发动侵略战争到1945年战争结束，称之为“十五年战争”。在这十五年间，日本不仅遭受到经济上的重创，，在文学创作上也经历了军国主义者的迫害，一大批优秀的作家被迫害而死，给日本文坛沉重打击，这一时期有一些作家选择沉默，坚持自己的信念。而这一时期的武者小路实笃摒弃了最初的人道主义精神转而支持战争。第四部分主要是对武者小路实笃的文学特征变化的原因进行分析。武者小路前期提倡人道主义精神，然而后期却背道而行有其深刻的社会原因。其次，新村运动的失败和对于天皇的崇拜也是他转向的原因。
[Abstract]:Bai Hua School is one of the most important literary schools in Japanese literary world. Takeshi is a representative writer of the Bai Hua school. Influenced by Tolstoy, he opposed the war and sympathized with the weak. During the Japanese war of aggression, he wrote many works denouncing Japanese militarism. His masterpiece is the play A Youth's Dream, Sister, and so on. In A Youth's Dream, he expresses the suffering and dissatisfaction with the war by means of the dialogue between the youth and others. He sympathized with the hero who had lost his eyes in the war. In 1918 he founded a new village and began his new life in order to achieve a peaceful society without class. However, the New Village Movement failed because it was divorced from reality. In 1926, he ushered in the frustration of literary creation and lost his job for ten years. He advocated humanitarianism, but not a complete humanitarianism. During the second War, when other writers took passive resistance, the path of the wushu abandoned the original humanitarianism from the opponents of the war of aggression. In order to beautify the war and the rationalization of the war, he created the Great East Asia War of Privacy and other works describing the war. This thesis is divided into five parts. The first part mainly introduces the establishment of Bai Hua School and the road of literary creation in the early stage. Bai Hua is a shining star in Japanese literature. Most of them were aristocrats and received a good college education. They advocated freedom, respect for themselves, opposition to war, sympathy for the weak. They hold high the banner of humanitarianism and seek a bright and happy life. This school of other major representatives of writers, Wu Kuituo, straight, and so on. Most of his early works, influenced by Tolstoy, were created on the basis of respect for himself and sympathy for the weak. The second part mainly describes the literary characteristics of the early stage of the martial arts path, mainly reflected in the humanitarianism and anti-war thought in the works. His early masterpieces are "A Youth's Dream" and "Sister". The two works show the suffering and dissatisfaction with the war. The third part is mainly about the background of Japanese writers during the war and the literary creation of the martial arts. From the war of aggression waged by Japan to the end of the war in 1945, it was called the "fifteen-year war". During these 15 years, Japan not only suffered a heavy economic blow, but also experienced the persecution of militarists in its literary creation. A large number of excellent writers died as a result of persecution, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese literary world. During this period, some writers chose to remain silent and stick to their beliefs. The martial arts path of this period abandoned the original humanitarianism and supported war. The fourth part mainly analyzes the reasons for the change of the literary characteristics of Wu Jie Lu. The early stage of martial arts advocated humanitarianism, but in the latter stage it went against the Tao and had its profound social reasons. Secondly, the failure of the New Village Movement and the worship of the emperor were also the reasons for his turn.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I313.073

【共引文献】