20世纪前法国文学中的海洋意象

发布时间：2018-10-21 20:20

【摘要】：海洋诡秘莫测令人生畏,却又斑斓多姿引人遐想,它激发了古往今来各类作家丰富的想象力,成为他们灵感的源泉。从人类文明开始建立之时,海洋就是人类文学的审美对象,而法国的海洋文学直到中世纪才开始兴起。自此,海洋为法国作家提供了放飞想象的空间,赋予他们无尽的创作灵感。海洋象征着广阔浩瀚雄浑深邃的空间,也象征着凶狠残暴无所不能的力量。在很长的时间里,人们把它看做是一个对人类充满敌意且危险的存在：远古时期,人们缺乏科学认识,把海洋当做上帝愤怒的凭证和一个充满怪兽的深渊；中世纪人们开始认识海洋,远洋航行增多,但风暴和海怪仍无所不在,萦绕人们心头；文艺复兴时期的作家们通过他们的作品展示了地理和航海知识的进步,但在人们心底,海洋仍变幻莫测难以窥探。 19世纪,整个欧洲大陆的思想意识在精英们的引领下抛入熔炉重新锻造,而正在这一历史时期,法国海洋文学空前繁荣——从米什莱到雨果,从波德莱尔到凡尔纳,作家们开始用不同以往的眼光看待海洋：海洋不再作为一种异己力量存在,作者通过海洋反映出自身或整个人类的思想信念,海洋成为人类精神的象征。本文把海洋作为一个文学审美意象,旨在研究20世纪前在人类不断努力认识及征服海洋的过程中海洋意象在法国文学中的变化,从而分析这一变化所反映的人类生存状况的演变,人与海洋关系的演变,美学和伦理观念及思维方式的演变。
[Abstract]:The sea is unfathomable, but it is beautiful and colorful. It inspires the rich imagination of all kinds of writers throughout the ages and becomes the source of their inspiration. From the beginning of the establishment of human civilization, the ocean was the aesthetic object of human literature, and French marine literature did not begin to rise until the Middle Ages. Since then, the sea has provided French writers with space for imagination, giving them endless creative inspiration. The sea symbolizes the vast and powerful space, and the ruthless and omnipotent power. For a long time it was viewed as a hostile and dangerous existence: in ancient times, people lacked scientific understanding, and used the sea as a sign of God's anger and an abyss full of monsters; In the Middle Ages, people began to understand the sea, ocean navigation increased, but storms and sea monsters still everywhere, haunting people, Renaissance writers through their works to show the progress of geography and navigation, but in the hearts of people, The oceans are still unfathomable. In the 19th century, the minds of the entire continent were cast into the melting pot and forged under the guidance of the elite, and in this period of history, French marine literature flourished-from Mishley to Hugo, from Baudelaire to Verne, writers began to look at the ocean in a different light: the sea no longer existed as a power of dissent. The author reflects the thoughts and beliefs of himself or the whole human being through the sea, and the ocean becomes the symbol of the human spirit. This paper regards the ocean as a literary aesthetic image in order to study the changes of the ocean image in French literature during the process of human beings' continuous efforts to understand and conquer the sea before the 20th century. This paper analyzes the evolution of human existence, the relationship between man and the sea, the evolution of aesthetic and ethical concepts and the way of thinking.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I565.06

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