生态批评视角下的福斯特—人与自然的连接

发布时间：2018-11-27 12:44

【摘要】：爱·摩·福斯特是20世纪上半叶英国著名的小说家和散文家。虽然仅发了六部小说，但是在现代英国文学史上，他与约翰夫·康拉德、劳伦斯和弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫一起被公认为20世纪初英国最重要的作家。本文从生态批评入手分析福斯特《看得见风景的房间》、《霍华德庄园》和《印度之行》中体现出的连接观写作哲学。论文主要分成四部分。第一部分立足于小说中的自然人角色，通过分析揭示出福斯特坚定的自然信仰，和他的连接观写作哲学思想不断变化发展，期望最终达到生态整体的思想。第二部分探究了小说中重要的地点，即意大利、霍华德庄园和玛拉巴山石窟。就福斯特而言，这些地点拥有共同的特点，它们都是完美的人类栖息地，自然和文化得到完美融合，文学、音乐和绘画与河流、花朵和雨水共存。第三部分立足于小说中的异化人角色，揭示人与自然割裂之后造成的巨大灾难，从反面论证了人与自然连接的重要性。最后一部分是小说中连接的不同结果，和造成不同结果的原因。文章的四部分中表现出了十分明显的对比，地点由自由的意大利变成混乱的印度，人物角色由以自然人为主转向以异化人为主，连接也从成功走向彻底的失败。这些对比反映出人与自然连接的重要性。只有当人与自然的连接得以实现之时，人类才有能力拥抱彼此。
[Abstract]:Aimo Foster was a famous British novelist and essayist in the first half of the 20th century. Although only six novels were published, he was recognized as the most important writer in the early 20th century along with John Conrad, Lawrence and Virginia Woolf in the history of modern English literature. Based on ecological criticism, this paper analyzes the writing philosophy of the concept of connection embodied in Foster's Room of visible scenery, Howard Abbey and the Journey to India. The paper is divided into four parts. The first part, based on the role of natural person in the novel, reveals Forster's firm belief in nature and his philosophy of connection. The second part explores the important places in the novel, namely Italy, Howard Manor and the Marabas Grottoes. As far as Foster is concerned, these sites share the same characteristics. They are perfect human habitat, nature and culture are perfectly integrated, literature, music and painting coexist with rivers, flowers and Rain Water. The third part, based on the dissimilated human role in the novel, reveals the great disaster caused by the separation between man and nature, and proves the importance of the connection between man and nature from the opposite side. The last part is the different results of the connection in the novel, and the causes of the different results. The four parts of the article show a very obvious contrast: the place from free Italy to chaotic India, the character from natural person to alienation, and the connection from success to complete failure. These contrasts reflect the importance of the connection between man and nature. Only when the connection between man and nature is realized will man be able to embrace each other.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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