《古屋青苔》的现代性
发布时间：2018-12-08 12:25
【摘要】：作为美国19世纪影响最大的作家之一和“心理罗曼史”的开创者,纳撒尼尔·霍桑一直是文学评论界关注的焦点。尽管其作品创作于美国浪漫主义“文艺复兴时期”,但是他敏锐的超前意识赋予其作品跨越时代的独特创作思想,使其文本内涵表现出明显的审美现代性。《古屋青苔》作为霍桑的一部重要小说集,系统而完整地体现了霍桑的这种跨越时代的现代性反思。本文试图从文化研究视角,以历史阅读和文本细读的方法探究其现代性反思背后的成因,进一步挖掘霍桑以艺术领域的寓言手法探索人类普遍心性的现代性内涵。通过对文学作品形成的宏观历史、社会、政治因素的考察和对《古屋青苔》中小说文本的解读可以发现,城市荒凉意象的描写和人性孤独与异化的刻画是霍桑对现代性的自然危机、人性危机等一系列问题的揭露。而对现代化过程分化出来的主流意识、人文思潮和实践活动,霍桑则持以冷静客观的反思态度。例如,对科技理性的质疑、对超验主义思想的质疑以及对时代改革运动的质疑都反映了他对急剧变化的现代社会生活的种种反思。在他看来,现代工业文明并不能带来人的全面发展,相反,过度的科技理性反而带来人性的异化。同时,任何打着“改革”和“解放”幌子行施意志控制的行为只能造成新的精神奴役。对于霍桑而言,人心的净化才是社会进步的前提。在一个工业文明逐渐淹没大自然,结束人与人之间真诚交往关系的时代,他所提倡与留恋的大自然,开阔的人性观念以及人与人之间同情心的磁链具有重要的指导意义。其作品所呈现出来的审美现代性精神或许在当时的历史语境下是大胆而独异的,然而在二十一世纪现代性高度发达的今天,现代都市人的恋乡情结,对于科技理性的担忧,以及人性的自我拯救都表现出极强的现代性内涵。总而言之,他的这种现代性反思,能够使人在现代化过程中,免于精神沉沦,免于丧失自我,从而成为一种强大的拯救力量,这也是他的作品一直奉为经典的,至今仍为大众所喜欢的原因所在。
[Abstract]:As one of the most influential American writers in the 19th century, Nathaniel Hawthorne has been the focus of literary criticism. Although his works were created in the American Romantic "Renaissance", his keen sense of leading endowed his works with a unique creative thought that transcended the times. As an important collection of novels by Hawthorne systematically and completely reflects the modernity reflection of Hawthorne's transcending times. This paper attempts to explore the causes behind its modernity reflection from the perspective of cultural research and the methods of historical reading and text reading, and further explore the modernity connotation of human universality by fable in the field of art. Through the investigation of the macroscopic historical, social and political factors in the formation of literary works and the interpretation of the text of the novel in Ancient House moss, it can be found that, The description of the urban desolate image and the depiction of the loneliness and alienation of human nature are a series of problems exposed by Hawthorne to the natural crisis of modernity and the crisis of human nature. Hawthorne has a calm and objective introspection on the mainstream consciousness, humanistic thoughts and practical activities of the process of modernization. For example, the questioning of scientific and technological rationality, the transcendentalism and the reform movement of the times all reflect his reflections on the rapidly changing modern social life. In his view, modern industrial civilization can not bring the all-round development of human beings, on the contrary, excessive scientific and technological rationality brings alienation of human nature. At the same time, any exercise of will-control under the guise of "reform" and "liberation" can only lead to new spiritual slavery. For Hawthorne, the purification of the human heart is the premise of social progress. In an era when the industrial civilization gradually submerged nature and ended the sincere relationship between people, his advocating and nostalgia for nature, the open concept of human nature and the flux chain of human compassion have important guiding significance. The spirit of aesthetic modernity presented in his works may be bold and unique in the historical context of that time. However, in the highly developed modernity of the 21 century, the modern urbanite's love complex for science and technology is worried about the rationality of science and technology. And the self-salvation of human nature shows a strong connotation of modernity. In a word, his reflection on modernity can save people from spiritual destruction and loss of self in the process of modernization, and thus become a powerful salvation force, which his works have always been regarded as classics. The reason why people still like it today.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I712.074
，
本文编号：2368342
[Abstract]:As one of the most influential American writers in the 19th century, Nathaniel Hawthorne has been the focus of literary criticism. Although his works were created in the American Romantic "Renaissance", his keen sense of leading endowed his works with a unique creative thought that transcended the times. As an important collection of novels by Hawthorne systematically and completely reflects the modernity reflection of Hawthorne's transcending times. This paper attempts to explore the causes behind its modernity reflection from the perspective of cultural research and the methods of historical reading and text reading, and further explore the modernity connotation of human universality by fable in the field of art. Through the investigation of the macroscopic historical, social and political factors in the formation of literary works and the interpretation of the text of the novel in Ancient House moss, it can be found that, The description of the urban desolate image and the depiction of the loneliness and alienation of human nature are a series of problems exposed by Hawthorne to the natural crisis of modernity and the crisis of human nature. Hawthorne has a calm and objective introspection on the mainstream consciousness, humanistic thoughts and practical activities of the process of modernization. For example, the questioning of scientific and technological rationality, the transcendentalism and the reform movement of the times all reflect his reflections on the rapidly changing modern social life. In his view, modern industrial civilization can not bring the all-round development of human beings, on the contrary, excessive scientific and technological rationality brings alienation of human nature. At the same time, any exercise of will-control under the guise of "reform" and "liberation" can only lead to new spiritual slavery. For Hawthorne, the purification of the human heart is the premise of social progress. In an era when the industrial civilization gradually submerged nature and ended the sincere relationship between people, his advocating and nostalgia for nature, the open concept of human nature and the flux chain of human compassion have important guiding significance. The spirit of aesthetic modernity presented in his works may be bold and unique in the historical context of that time. However, in the highly developed modernity of the 21 century, the modern urbanite's love complex for science and technology is worried about the rationality of science and technology. And the self-salvation of human nature shows a strong connotation of modernity. In a word, his reflection on modernity can save people from spiritual destruction and loss of self in the process of modernization, and thus become a powerful salvation force, which his works have always been regarded as classics. The reason why people still like it today.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I712.074
，
本文编号：2368342
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