对阿尔比作品中死亡母题的海德格尔式解读

发布时间：2018-12-10 22:00

【摘要】：普遍被认可为美国最杰出的在世剧作家，爱德华·阿尔比在其一生中成就斐然。作为一位多产的作家，他创作了大量优秀的剧作。在这些剧作中，有一个主题不容忽视，那就是无处不在的死亡母题。本论文的写作意图就在于证明阿尔比描绘这些死亡意象的意图并非出于悲观，而是引导人们通过对死亡真正的理解来获取本真的生活。在昏暗抑郁背景的伪装下，阿尔比其实是通过他的剧作在展示他对生与死的冥想。对他来说，死并不仅仅是在它来临前一直被忽略的生命的尽头。相反，它在一个人的一生中一直在场，并且持续影响着人们的生活方式。这种对死亡的理解与当代哲学界的泰斗，马丁·海德格尔的死亡哲学相互呼应。因此为了更好的概念化和深度分析阿尔比作品中不断出现的死亡母题，本文引入了海德格尔的相关死亡哲思。在一个系统的框架下，对诸如《动物园的故事》、《小爱丽丝》、《结束》和《三个高个子女人》这些重要死亡相关的剧作做了细致的分析和解读。首先，为了指出阿尔比与海德格尔死亡哲思的共通之处，本文对向死而生的理念和阿尔比作品中的死亡主题做了简洁的介绍。在此基础上，本文的主体，第三，四，五部分详细分析了处于死亡路上不同阶段的人物。他们中有过着一成不变的生活，从不思考死亡，麻木的“常人”；也有处于“烦”与“畏”状态中的人们，他们正位于对死亡觉悟的分叉口。对于那些敞开心怀去“觉”的人，是沉沦为非本真的此在，还是步入向死而生之路，，全在他们的抉择。如果想本真的活着，爱与真诚的沟通对他们来说是必不可少的。由此，阿尔比对生与死积极的态度就显而易见了。他真正的用意在于引导人们通过死亡获得真正的自由和本真的生活。
[Abstract]:Edward Arbi is widely recognized as the greatest living playwright in the United States. As a prolific writer, he wrote a lot of excellent plays. One of the themes of these plays cannot be ignored: the ubiquitous motif of death. The purpose of this thesis is to prove that Arbi's intention to depict these images of death is not from pessimism, but to guide people to obtain the real life through the real understanding of death. Under the guise of a gloomy background, Arbi actually shows his meditation on life and death through his plays. For him, death was not just the end of life that had been neglected before it came. Instead, it has been present throughout one's life and continues to influence people's way of life. This understanding of death echoes that of modern philosophy, Martin Heidegger's philosophy of death. Therefore, in order to better conceptualize and deeply analyze the death motif in Arbi's works, this paper introduces Heidegger's related death philosophy. In a systematic framework, detailed analysis and interpretation of plays related to important death, such as Zoo Story, Little Alice, end and three tall Women, are made. First of all, in order to point out the similarities between Arbi and Heidegger's philosophy of death, this paper gives a brief introduction to the idea of living towards death and the theme of death in Arbi's works. On this basis, the main body, the third, fourth, and fifth parts analyze the characters in different stages of death in detail. There are people who live a fixed life, who never think of death, who are numb, and who are in a state of "annoyance" and "fear", who are at the fork of the consciousness of death. For those who open their hearts to consciousness, it is their choice whether to sink into something that is not true, or to enter the path of life to death. Love and sincere communication are essential to them if they want to live in earnest. Thus, Arbi's positive attitude toward life and death is obvious. His real intention is to guide people to true freedom and true life through death.
【学位授予单位】：大连外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.073

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