性别变形：从自我解构角度解读《新夏娃的激情》中的畸形人
发布时间：2018-12-13 22:53
【摘要】：安吉拉·卡特(1940—1992)是二十世纪最具才华和创造力的作家之一,在她短暂的一生中,卡特共创作了九部长篇小说,并撰写了大量评论文章。卡特小说的主题经历了多层嬗变：从静态式哥特现实主义到复调“流浪者”式的魔幻现实主义,从受制于夫权到对母权的赞扬。正如评论家帕默所说,卡特的笔下的女性经历的从受虐者到自我实现的女性主义者的转变。卡特文艺创作中最具转折意义的作品—《新夏娃的激情》正属于后者。在该小说中,卡特试图颠覆夫权制中二元对立的关系,并以“后现代雌雄同体”—变性人艾弗林/夏娃,来阐述“怪诞女性”的相异性特质。 本文主体可分为：三大部分。在文章第一部分中，作者通过对巴赫金“狂欢节式畸人”理论的女性主义解读,来解码卡特笔下“女畸人”雌雄同体式的世界观以及她们打破两性相异的尝试；通过对狂欢节式的怪诞女性自我身份的回探来打破传统神话中关于母亲、妓女、孕妇以及处女的原型；通过回溯主人公的流浪旅程来打破菲勒斯中心论,并主张回归到万物初始时的混沌状态。 在本文第二部分中,通过解析“女畸人”—母亲(夫权规范的激进反叛者)、蕾拉(美国资本主义社会诞下的现代妖女)、特里斯岱莎(在镜中找寻到个人身份的致命女人),作者试图强化卡特的女性主义观念,即建立在夫权制意识形态之上的性别神话正逐步瓦解。 在《新夏娃的激情》中,女性人物如母亲、蕾拉以及特里斯岱莎勇于反拨传统性别神话,虽然这些女性形象闪耀着女性主义的光芒,但该小说最具争议性的,仍旧是其主人公的变性人身份。在本文的第三部分,作者解析了主人公艾弗林变身新夏娃的性别转化之旅—艾弗林首先被迫将其男性身份解构,变身为新弥赛亚；进而又颠覆了其变性人的身份,最终重新建构起自身雌雄同体的性别身份。通过以上分析,作者试图阐明,卡特改写“雌雄同体”的神话,其立意并非为了缓和两性二元对立状态,反而是用一种后现代的方式来重新定义变形人性别身份上的流动性和模糊性。虽然艾弗林/夏娃被赋予了女性化的外表,其主体性却始终在两性之间徘徊,并使之不断融合传统男权观和当代女性主义特征。
[Abstract]:Angela Carter (1940-1992) was one of the most talented and creative writers of the twentieth century. In her short life, Carter wrote nine novels and a lot of commentaries. The theme of Carter's novels has undergone many changes: from static Gothic realism to polyphonic magic realism, from being subject to the right of husband to praise of the mother's power. As the critic Palmer puts it, Carter's women experience a transformation from masochist to self-actualized feminist. Carter's most turning point in literary creation-the passion of the new Eve belongs to the latter. In this novel, Carter attempts to subvert the dualistic relationship in the patriarchal system, and uses "postmodern androgyny"-transgender Evelyn / Eve, to illustrate the heterogeneity of "grotesque women". The main body of this paper can be divided into three parts. In the first part of the article, the author interprets the feminist interpretation of Bakhtin's theory of "Carnival malformation" to decode Carter's hermaphrodite worldview and their attempt to break the difference between the sexes. To break the archetypes of traditional myths about mothers, prostitutes, pregnant women and virgins through the return of the self-identity of the grotesque women of the carnival style; By looking back on the roaming journey of the protagonist, the author breaks the Philistine centralism and advocates returning to the chaotic state of the beginning of all things. In the second part of this paper, by analyzing the "malformed woman"-the mother (radical rebel of the right of husband), Leila (the modern female born in the American capitalist society), Trisdessa (the fatal woman who finds her personal identity in the mirror), The author tries to strengthen Carter's feminist idea that the gender myth based on the ideology of patriarchal power is gradually disintegrating. In New Eve's Passion, female characters such as Mother, Leila, and Trisdessa are brave to counter traditional gender myths. Although these images of women shine with feminist light, the novel is the most controversial. It is still the transgender identity of its protagonist. In the third part of this paper, the author analyzes the transgender transformation of the protagonist Avery into the New Eve, who was forced to deconstruct his male identity and become the New Messiah. It subverts his transgender identity and finally reconstructs his androgynous gender identity. Through the above analysis, the author tries to clarify that Carter's rewriting of the myth of "androgynous" is not intended to ease the duality of the two sexes. Instead, a post-modern way to redefine the gender identity of shapeshifters mobility and ambiguity. Although Evelyn / Eve is endowed with the appearance of feminization, her subjectivity always lingers between the sexes, and makes it constantly blend the traditional view of male power and the characteristics of contemporary feminism.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074
本文编号：2377394
[Abstract]:Angela Carter (1940-1992) was one of the most talented and creative writers of the twentieth century. In her short life, Carter wrote nine novels and a lot of commentaries. The theme of Carter's novels has undergone many changes: from static Gothic realism to polyphonic magic realism, from being subject to the right of husband to praise of the mother's power. As the critic Palmer puts it, Carter's women experience a transformation from masochist to self-actualized feminist. Carter's most turning point in literary creation-the passion of the new Eve belongs to the latter. In this novel, Carter attempts to subvert the dualistic relationship in the patriarchal system, and uses "postmodern androgyny"-transgender Evelyn / Eve, to illustrate the heterogeneity of "grotesque women". The main body of this paper can be divided into three parts. In the first part of the article, the author interprets the feminist interpretation of Bakhtin's theory of "Carnival malformation" to decode Carter's hermaphrodite worldview and their attempt to break the difference between the sexes. To break the archetypes of traditional myths about mothers, prostitutes, pregnant women and virgins through the return of the self-identity of the grotesque women of the carnival style; By looking back on the roaming journey of the protagonist, the author breaks the Philistine centralism and advocates returning to the chaotic state of the beginning of all things. In the second part of this paper, by analyzing the "malformed woman"-the mother (radical rebel of the right of husband), Leila (the modern female born in the American capitalist society), Trisdessa (the fatal woman who finds her personal identity in the mirror), The author tries to strengthen Carter's feminist idea that the gender myth based on the ideology of patriarchal power is gradually disintegrating. In New Eve's Passion, female characters such as Mother, Leila, and Trisdessa are brave to counter traditional gender myths. Although these images of women shine with feminist light, the novel is the most controversial. It is still the transgender identity of its protagonist. In the third part of this paper, the author analyzes the transgender transformation of the protagonist Avery into the New Eve, who was forced to deconstruct his male identity and become the New Messiah. It subverts his transgender identity and finally reconstructs his androgynous gender identity. Through the above analysis, the author tries to clarify that Carter's rewriting of the myth of "androgynous" is not intended to ease the duality of the two sexes. Instead, a post-modern way to redefine the gender identity of shapeshifters mobility and ambiguity. Although Evelyn / Eve is endowed with the appearance of feminization, her subjectivity always lingers between the sexes, and makes it constantly blend the traditional view of male power and the characteristics of contemporary feminism.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 申富英;女性主义批评≠性别批评[J];解放军外国语学院学报;2004年03期
2 宋建福;;反拨“两权”女性神话的《新夏娃激情》[J];英美文学研究论丛;2008年02期
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