《等待野蛮人》的叙事密码解读

发布时间：2019-03-29 06:15

【摘要】：约翰·麦克斯韦尔·库切是当代南非著名小说家，其作品以叙事风格的多样和主题思想的深邃而闻名于世。库切深谙叙事手法与策略的重要性，在他的每部作品中，他都采用与众不同的叙事模式，截然不同的叙述视角、叙述声音、叙事时态、叙事时间与空间来塑造并且服务于小说的主题。《等待野蛮人》在其全部作品中占据核心地位，自它出版以来，有关库切小说的研究论文与专著亦层出不穷。然而，少有学者系统地分析《等待野蛮人》中的叙事技巧。在详细研究小说叙事策略之后，本文认为库切的形式与内容统一的写作思想在小说中得到淋漓尽致的展现，展示了思辨深邃与结构精致的完美结合。本文从三个方面对小说作了分析。第一部分深入探讨小说的叙述视角，根据热奈特和申丹的视角分类分析了小说的聚焦模式。在明确小说叙述视角后，论文对第一人称有限视角的叙事效果展开讨论，即拉近叙述者与读者之间的距离，创造叙事张力与悬念，和揭示库切的反殖民意识。在第二部分，论文讨论了小说最具特色的形式特征之一，通篇的现在时叙事。结合科恩定义的共时叙事，本文揭示了现在时叙事对叙述者、读者定位的影响以及深化“共谋”主题。同时鉴于共时叙事对现在时阐释的局限性，本文提出“表演叙事”与“有意识的内聚焦”两种可能的解释策略。由于第一人称有限视角的绝对聚焦和叙事时态语义的含糊性都指向叙述者的不可靠性，论文在第三部分对不可靠叙述进行系统分析，同时发现不可靠叙述在第一人称现在时叙事文本中的一些鲜明特点。除了小说主题的丰富性，库切采用采用各种叙事技巧，如叙述视角、叙事时态和不可靠叙述，来塑造与深化小说主题的理解。毋庸置疑，，作为一个作家，库切展示了其对叙事张力和叙事技艺的驾轻就熟。
[Abstract]:John Maxwell Kutcher is a famous contemporary South African novelist whose works are famous for their variety of narrative styles and profound thematic thoughts. Kuche is well aware of the importance of narrative techniques and strategies. In each of his works, he uses a different narrative model, a distinct narrative perspective, narrative voice, narrative tense, and so on. Narrative time and space are used to shape and serve the theme of the novel. "waiting Barbarians" occupies a central position in all his works. Since its publication, there have been numerous papers and monographs on Kuche's novels. However, few scholars systematically analyze narrative techniques in waiting Barbarians. After a detailed study of the narrative strategy of the novel, this paper argues that Kuche's writing thought of the unity of form and content is vividly and vividly displayed in the novel, showing the perfect combination of speculative depth and exquisite structure. This paper analyzes the novel from three aspects. The first part deeply discusses the narrative angle of the novel, and classifies and analyzes the focus mode of the novel according to Genette and Shendan's angle of view. After making clear the narrative angle of the novel, the paper discusses the narrative effect of the first person limited perspective, namely, to close the distance between the narrator and the reader, to create narrative tension and suspense, and to reveal Kuche's anti-colonial consciousness. In the second part, the thesis discusses one of the most distinctive formal features of the novel, the narrative of the present tense. Combined with Cohn's definition of synchronic narrative, this paper reveals the influence of present-tense narrative on narrator and reader orientation and deepens the theme of "conspiracy". At the same time, in view of the limitation of synchronic narrative to the interpretation of present tense, this paper puts forward two possible explanatory strategies, "performance narrative" and "conscious internal focus". Because the absolute focus of the first person finite angle of view and the ambiguity of the narrative temporal semantics point to the unreliability of the narrator, the third part of the paper makes a systematic analysis of the unreliable narration. At the same time, we find some distinctive features of unreliable narration in the first person present narrative text. In addition to the richness of the theme of the novel, Coocher uses various narrative techniques, such as narrative perspective, narrative tense and unreliable narration, to shape and deepen the understanding of the theme of the novel. There is no doubt that, as a writer, Coocher demonstrated his mastery of narrative tension and narrative skills.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I478.074

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