生态批评视域下霍桑的《红字》解读

发布时间：2021-08-27 01:03

　　纳撒尼尔·霍桑是美国十九世纪杰出的浪漫主义传奇作家。他的小说在思想内容和艺术手法上都独具特色。《红字》是霍桑的第一部长篇小说，同时也是美国文学史上第一部象征主义小说，它以想象力丰富、主题思想深邃而著称。自问世以来，《红字》一直是国内外专家、学者关注的焦点。从生态批评角度解读《红字》是一个新的尝试。在这部经典小说中，霍桑表达了他对人类生态失衡的深深忧思，折射出其高超的生态哲学智慧。本文试从自然生态、社会生态、精神生态三方面对《红字》进行解读。《红字》揭示了人与自然、人与人、人与自我等错综复杂的基本关系。这三种关系是相互制约、相互促进的，只有协调好它们之间的关系，人类才能实现真正的生态平衡与可持续发展。本文共分六章。第一章是引言。由于人类环境日益恶化，生态批评理论应运而生。第二章是文献综述，大体介绍了生态批评的发展历程、思想起源，霍桑及《红字》在国内外的研究状况。第三章探究了霍桑在《红字》中所体现的自然生态观，体现为霍桑的自然生态观，自然遭到的巨大破坏，人与自然的和谐等内容。第四章论述了《红字》中展现的社会生态。第五章主要探讨了《红字》中体现的精神生态。第六章是结论。只有人类自身的精神获得... 

【文章来源】：中国石油大学(华东)山东省 211工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：55 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Literature Review
    2.1 Introduction to Ecocriticism
        2.1.1 Ethnical Basis of Ecocriticism
        2.1.2 Aesthetic Basis of Ecocriticism
        2.1.3 Philosophical Basis of Ecocriticism
    2.2 Hawthorne and The Scarlet Letter
        2.2.1 Hawthorne’s Life and The Scarlet Letter
        2.2.2 Major Aspects of Studies on The Scarlet Letter
Chapter 3 Natural Ecology in The Scarlet Letter
    3.1 Hawthorne’s View on Natural Ecology
    3.2 The Reflections of Nature in The Scarlet Letter
        3.2.1 Destruction of Nature
        3.2.2 The Scene of the Prison
        3.2.3 Bellingham’s Barren Garden
    3.3 Exploring the Relationship between Man and Nature
        3.3.1 Hester Prynne: Life in Nature
        3.3.2 Pearl: Deep Love for Nature
        3.3.3 Dimmesdale: Yearning for Truthfulness in Nature
Chapter 4 Social Ecology in The Scarlet Letter
    4.1 The Harshness of the Puritanical Social System
    4.2 The Conflicts between Religion and Human Nature
        4.2.1 The Alienation of Hester and Pearl from Society
        4.2.2 Dimmesdale: the Conflicts of His Two Identities
        4.2.3 Chillingworth：a Deformed and Distorted Figure
    4.3 The Reestablishment of Harmonious Relationship
        4.3.1 Hester’s Gradual Establishment of Harmony with Residents
        4.3.2 Pearl’s Final Reunion with Dimmesdale
Chapter 5 Spiritual Ecology in The Scarlet Letter
    5.1 The Distortion of Characters’ Mentality
        5.1.1 Misplaced Spiritual Ecology
        5.1.2 The Spirit of Evil and Selfishness: Chillingworth
        5.1.3 The Hypocrisy and Painfulness: Dimmesdale
    5.2 The Growth of Characters’ Spirit
        5.2.1 The Gradual Conversion of Ideology in Residents’ Mind
        5.2.2 The Ultimate Salvation of Dimmesdale’s Spirit
    5.3 The Spiritual Blooming of the Heroine
Chapter 6 Conclusion
References
攻读硕士学位期间取得的学术成果
Acknowledgements



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