宿主microRNA靶向介导的减毒活疫苗研究进展

发布时间：2018-01-03 00:17

本文关键词：宿主microRNA靶向介导的减毒活疫苗研究进展　出处：《军事医学》2014年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：疫苗是预防病毒性传染病的最有效手段,包括减毒活疫苗、灭活疫苗、核酸疫苗和基因工程疫苗等。减毒活疫苗模拟了病毒的感染过程,能有效诱导机体产生体液和细胞免疫应答,在临床上得到广泛应用。传统的减毒活疫苗一般通过连续传代获得,研发成本高。微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)靶向调节是新近发现的宿主调控基因表达的重要手段,具有明确的组织特异性和种属特异性。通过反向遗传学技术能够将特异的宿主miRNA靶向序列有效整合入病毒基因组,从而实现对病毒生物学特征的有效调节,在减毒活疫苗设计与研发领域有着良好的应用前景。该文综述了miRNA靶向介导的减毒策略及其在疫苗设计中的研究进展。
[Abstract]:Vaccine is the most effective means of prevention of viral infectious diseases, including live attenuated vaccine, inactivated vaccine, DNA vaccine and genetic engineering vaccine. The live attenuated vaccine of virus infection, can effectively induce humoral and cellular immune response, has been widely applied in clinical practice. The traditional live attenuated the vaccine through continuous passage, high R & D costs. Small RNA (microRNA, miRNA) targeting regulation is an important means of regulation of expression of the host gene discovered recently, with a clear tissue specificity and species specificity. By reverse genetics technique can be specific to the target host miRNA sequences effectively integrated into the virus the genome, so as to achieve the effective regulation of the biological characteristics of the virus, the live attenuated vaccine design and development of the field has a good application prospect. This paper reviews the targeting miRNA mediated by attenuated strategies and in disease Research progress in the design of seedlings.

【作者单位】：安徽医科大学;军事医学科院微生物流行病研究所病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31270195) 北京市自然科学基金资助项目(7122129)
【分类号】：R392
【正文快照】： 疫苗是20世纪公共卫生领域取得的最伟大成就之一,已拯救了数以亿计人的生命。目前研制的疫苗主要包括:减毒活疫苗、灭活病毒疫苗、基因工程疫苗等,其中基于活病毒减毒的减毒活疫苗可以全面激活体液和细胞免疫应答反应,从而使机体获得更广泛持久的免疫保护。减毒活疫苗是通过传

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