毛毕吸虫生物学及其自然疫源地的研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 13:01

  本文关键词： 毛毕属吸虫 尾蚴性皮炎 医学贝类 耳萝卜螺 自然疫源地　出处：《安徽理工大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 本论文主要研究了引起安徽淮南高塘湖地区尾蚴性皮炎的病原——鸭毛毕吸虫的生物学,以及人群尾蚴性皮炎的流行情况和对本地区毛毕吸虫自然疫源地的研究。 本文对毛毕吸虫发育各期虫体的收集方法进行对比研究,认为最有效的成虫、尾蚴、毛蚴的分离、收集方法分别为:肝门静脉及肠系膜静脉同时灌注法、滴瓶遮光法和三角烧瓶顶管法。 本文对毛毕吸虫生活史各期分别进行了活体观察、显微镜下观察或扫描电镜观察,详细描述了其形态特征,并附有图片。对高塘湖地区的毛毕吸虫进行了虫种探讨。 调查了安徽淮南地区的常见医学贝类,并通过现场观察和实验室饲养的方法对毛毕吸虫中间宿主耳萝卜螺的生态进行了细致的研究。本地的医学贝类经初步鉴定有8种,隶属于腹足纲4科7属;耳萝卜螺在本地区分布广泛,3月上旬开始活动,3月下旬、4月上旬为产卵高峰期,11月上旬成螺开始越冬。一年可繁殖3代,4～5月份孳生密度最高为468只/m~2。 本文特别对毛毕吸虫尾蚴的生物学进行了研究,发现尾蚴检出率随气温而变化,呈现明显的季节性消长,4～10月均可检出尾蚴,以7月检出率最高,为1.12%;尾蚴具有强烈的趋光性,寿命可达52 h,毛毕吸虫尾蚴时龄在40 h之前对宿主有感染力,其后感染力完全丧失;毛毕吸虫尾蚴的逸出与温度和光照等环境因子有关,在20～25℃有光照的情况下均有尾蚴逸出。 对高塘湖地区的调查显示,此地区存在毛毕吸虫的终宿主,其感染率分别是家鸭35.20%,野鸭56.25%;存在毛毕吸虫的中间宿主耳萝卜螺,其感染率为1.03%;常在此地区劳作的农民、渔民毛毕吸虫尾蚴性皮炎出现率为79.37%,皮炎的发生与性别无关。高塘湖地区存在毛毕吸虫的自然疫源地。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly studied the biology of cercariosis caused by cercariasis in Gaotang Lake area, Huainan, Anhui Province, and the prevalence of cercaria dermatitis in population and the natural foci of flutter fluke in this area. In this paper, a comparative study was made on the collection methods of adult, cercariae and cercariae in different stages of development of paragonimiasis. The collection methods were as follows: simultaneous perfusion of hepatic portal vein and mesenteric vein, respectively, for the separation of adult worms, cercariae and cercariae. Drop bottle shading method and triangle flask jacking method. In this paper, the living body observation, microscope observation or scanning electron microscope observation were carried out on each stage of the life cycle of Trichobidium trichome. The morphological characteristics of the trematode were described in detail, and the pictures were attached. The species of Trichobidium in Gaotang Lake area were discussed in this paper. The common medical shellfish in Huainan area of Anhui Province were investigated, and the ecology of turnip snails, an intermediate host of Trichobilharca, was studied in detail by field observation and laboratory feeding. Eight species of local medical shellfish were preliminarily identified. It belongs to 4 families and 7 genera of Gastropoda, and is widely distributed in this area. It began to be active on early March. On late March and early April, it was the peak period of spawning, and the adult snail began to overwintering in early April. The highest breeding density was 468 / m ~ (2) / m ~ (2) in May and 3 generations per year. In this paper, the biology of cercariae was studied. It was found that the detectable rate of cercariae varied with air temperature, and cercariae could be detected from 4 to October. The detection rate of cercariae in July was the highest (1.12%), and cercariae had strong phototaxis. The life span of cercariae reached 52 h, and the cercariae of Trichobilharzia cercariae were infected with the host before 40 h and then lost their infectivity completely. The escape of cercariae was related to environmental factors such as temperature and light, and cercariae escaped at 2025 鈩，

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