酒精对神经前体细胞的作用及细胞内信号通路的影响

发布时间：2018-03-27 12:45

本文选题：神经干细胞　切入点：神经前体细胞　出处：《山东大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：一、背景：患有酒精综合症(fetal alcohol syndrome)的儿童是在胚胎期和(或)哺乳期由母亲过量饮酒行为引起，有明显小于健康儿童的大脑及其他畸形。为研究在胎儿期大脑皮层神经细胞在增殖、分化过程中受酒精损伤的原理，用培养的神经前体细胞(neural progenitor cells)建立实验模型，以研究酒精对生长因子刺激引起神经前体细胞数量扩增的影响。该模型的建立可帮助了解酒精综合症对神经系统(central nervous system，CNS)损伤的机制，为保护暴露于酒精危害下胎儿的神经系统发育提供预防及治疗的科学依据。神经干细胞(neural stem cells，NSC)培养技术的发展，为体外研究神经干细胞增殖、分化特性及神经干细胞损伤保护提供了重要的实验手段。国外已有报道贴壁培养神经干细胞的方法，与传统的神经干细胞悬浮培养相比，更适于研究酒精对神经前体细胞增殖、分化的影响，如免疫荧光染色、细胞计数等。另外，，在神经干细胞克隆球超微结构观察中发现，在克隆球中相邻的两个细胞膜之间有成片的连接，有2-4nm狭窄的缝隙，为间隙连接(gap junction)。构成这种细胞间通道的蛋白质分子被称为连接蛋白(connexin)或者连接子(connexon)。连接蛋白基因是一个多基因家族，与神经干细胞的增殖分化有关。确定神经干细胞克隆球细胞之间连接蛋白的类型，可帮助了解神经干细胞在体外培养以及中枢神经系统(central nervous system，CNS)发育过程中间隙连接的演变过程及其规律。国外新近报道，神经前体细胞株在分化过程中能够分泌某种抑制神经胶质瘤生长的因子。本试验对神经干细胞分化过程中产生的衍生物对神经胶质瘤细胞的
[Abstract]:I. background:. Children with alcohol syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome, are caused by excessive drinking by their mothers during embryonic and / or lactating periods, with brain and other deformities that are significantly smaller than those of healthy children. On the principle of alcohol injury during differentiation, an experimental model was established by using cultured neural progenitor cells. In order to study the effect of alcohol on the proliferation of neural precursor cells induced by growth factor stimulation, the establishment of the model may help to understand the mechanism of alcohol syndrome damage to central nervous system of the nervous system. To provide the scientific basis of prevention and treatment for protecting the nervous system development of fetus exposed to alcohol. The development of neural stem cell culture provides an important experimental means for the study of neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation characteristics and injury protection of neural stem cells in vitro. Compared with the traditional suspension culture of neural stem cells, it is more suitable to study the effects of alcohol on the proliferation and differentiation of neural precursor cells, such as immunofluorescence staining, cell count and so on. In addition, the ultrastructural observation of neural stem cell clone balls showed that the adjacent two cell membranes in the spheres were connected with each other, and there was a narrow gap in 2-4nm. The protein molecules that make up this intercellular channel are called connexin) or connexon. The connexin gene is a multigene family. Related to the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. It can help to understand the evolution and regularity of gap junctions of neural stem cells in vitro culture and central nervous system central nervous system. It has been recently reported that neural precursor cell lines can secrete some factors that inhibit glioma growth during differentiation. The effect of the derivative produced in the differentiation of neural stem cells on glioma cells
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R363

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