Aquaporin-4基因敲除对CD1雌性小鼠生殖功能的影响及其机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 18:12

本文选题：aquaporin-4　切入点：基因敲除　出处：《南京医科大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：Aquaporin-4基因敲除对CD1雌性小鼠生殖功能的影响及其机制研究水通道蛋白(aquaporins，AQPs)是一类广泛存在于原核真核生物细胞膜上，选择性高效转运水分子的特异孔道，对机体的水平衡和细胞微环境的稳定发挥关键作用。迄今为止，经分子克隆发现的哺乳动物AQPs家族已有13个在蛋白质序列上有同源性的成员(AQP0～AQP12)。其中AQP4在脑内的表达最为丰富，主要表达于星形胶质细胞和室管膜上皮细胞，富集于朝向血管面、软脑膜面和神经突触的胶质细胞膜区。这种分布特点提示AQP4在维持脑内的内环境稳态中发挥重要作用，它可能是胶质细胞参与脑功能调节的重要结构基础。 AQP4在下丘脑弓状核(arcuate nucleus，ARC)和视前区(preoptic area，，POA)的星形胶质细胞膜也有表达，ARC和POA是下丘脑神经内分泌系统中的重要区域，含有多种神经递质及肽类物质，其中促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin-releasing hormone，GnRH)主要调节垂体前叶的生殖内分泌功能。下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴(hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis，HPOA)是影响雌性生殖能力的重要调控因素，在生殖功能中发挥主要的调节作用。GnRH神经元分泌GnRH，调节垂体中促性腺细胞分泌卵泡刺激素(follicle-stimulating hormone，FSH)和促黄体生成素(luteotrophic hormone，LH)，促性腺激素作用于性腺受体，引起性腺激素分泌并影响生殖功能。因此，位于下丘脑星形胶质细胞膜表面的AQP4可能通过调节星形胶质细胞的功能而影响GnRH神经元释放GnRH，继而调节下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴，最终影响生殖功能。有研究报道AQP4在大鼠的所有腺垂体组织包括嗜碱性、嗜酸性、嫌色腺细胞及滤泡星形细胞膜上均有表达，分布在这些部位的AQP4可能参与了激素释放的调节过程。因此，分布于嗜碱性内分泌细胞膜上的AQP4也可能直接调节FSH和LH的分泌过程，进而影
[Abstract]:Effect of Aquaporin-4 knockout on reproductive function of CD1 female mice and its mechanismAquaporins aquaporins (aquaporins) are a class of aquaporins (aquaporins) which widely exist on the membrane of prokaryotes and transport water molecules selectively and efficiently, which play a key role in the water balance and the stability of microenvironment.So far, 13 members of mammalian AQPs family with homologous protein sequences have been identified by molecular cloning.The expression of AQP4 was most abundant in the brain, mainly in astrocytes and ependymal epithelial cells.This distribution suggests that AQP4 plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of brain environment, and it may be an important structural basis for glial cells to participate in the regulation of brain function.AQP4 was also expressed on astrocyte membrane of arcuate nucleus arcuate and preoptic area of hypothalamus. ARC and POA were important regions of hypothalamic neuroendocrine system, containing many neurotransmitters and peptides.Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) mainly regulates the reproductive endocrine function of anterior pituitary.Hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary hypothalamus-pituitary-axis-HPOA (hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary) is an important regulatory factor affecting female reproductive ability.GnRH neurons secrete GnRH, regulate follicle-stimulating hormone follicle-stimulating hormone (follicle-stimulating hormone) and luteotrophic hormone (LHHHHHHHH) in pituitary gonadotropin, and gonadotropin acts on gonadotropin receptor, and GnRH neurons secrete GnRH in reproductive function, and regulate the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSHF) and luteotrophic hormone (LHHH) by gonadotropin.Causes gonadal hormone secretion and affects reproductive function.Therefore, AQP4 located on the surface of hypothalamic astrocyte membrane may affect the release of GnRH from GnRH neurons by regulating the function of astrocytes, and then regulate the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis and ultimately affect reproductive function.It has been reported that AQP4 is expressed in all the adenohypophysis tissues of rats, including basophilic, eosinophilic, chromophobic gland cells and follicular stellate cell membranes. AQP4 distributed in these sites may be involved in the regulation of hormone release.Therefore, AQP4 distributed on basophilic endocrine cell membrane may also directly regulate the secretion of FSH and LH.
【学位授予单位】：南京医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R346

【参考文献】