骨髓间充质干细胞的生物学特性和靶向烫伤创面愈合的研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 20:21

本文选题：骨髓间充质干细胞 + 细胞培养　；参考：《南昌大学》2006年博士论文

【摘要】：皮肤是阻止微生物、化学物质等侵入以维持内环境稳定的屏障，烧伤主要损害是皮肤坏死，大面积皮肤缺损可引起全身的改变。因而创面处理是烧伤救治的重要环节之一，，大面积皮肤缺损创面的覆盖与修复一直是临床医师倍感棘手的问题。烧伤创面的修复是一个十分复杂的生物学过程，包括炎症反应、细胞增殖和迁移、胶原与细胞外基质的沉积以及再上皮化等。目前，烧伤创面修复方法主要是以局部治疗为主。大面积深度烧伤患者由于自体皮源不足，多年来运用网状植皮、邮票植皮、小皮片移植、微粒植皮等技术来扩大皮肤覆盖面积，取得了较好的临床效果。但这些方法皮肤扩增面积有限，难以满足大面积皮肤缺损患者尽早封闭创面的需求，在加快创面愈合的速度和改进创面愈合质量，从而在减少功能障碍的发生率和提高患者生活质量方面，目前常规应用的这些方法显然还存在着很多不足。组织工程学的兴起和发展，为临床解决这一难题提供了崭新的思路和途径。组织工程将体外分离、培养的高浓度的功能相关的活细胞种植于天然的、人工合成的支架上，使之植入人体后能够形成新的有功能的组织，来制造、保存或修复失去的组织功能。组织工程化人体组织或器官产业化生产的一个关键因素是植入足够数量的、不引起免疫反应的、具有再生活力的细胞。其中种子细胞的体外培养扩增成为组织工程学中的重要环节。理想的种子细胞应具有容易获得，容易体外培养增殖，长期传代不改变生物学特征，抗原性小，组织修复能力强等特征。目前，有关皮肤种子细胞的研究主要集中在表皮细胞大规模培养和表皮干细胞研究，以及胚胎干细胞向表皮细胞定向诱导分化等几个方面。表皮细胞
[Abstract]:Skin is a barrier to prevent the invasion of microbes and chemicals in order to maintain the stability of the internal environment. The main injury of burn is skin necrosis, and a large area of skin defect can cause systemic changes. Therefore, wound management is one of the most important links in the treatment of burn, and the covering and repairing of large area skin defect is always a thorny problem for clinicians. Burn wound repair is a very complex biological process, including inflammation, cell proliferation and migration, collagen and extracellular matrix deposition and re-epithelialization. At present, local treatment is the main method to repair burn wounds. Due to the shortage of autologous skin source in large area deep burn patients, the techniques of reticular skin grafting, stamp skin grafting, small skin graft and microparticle skin grafting have been used for many years to expand the area of skin coverage, and good clinical results have been obtained. However, these methods can not meet the needs of large area skin defect patients to close the wounds as early as possible, in order to accelerate the speed of wound healing and improve the quality of wound healing. In order to reduce the incidence of dysfunction and improve the quality of life of patients, the current routine use of these methods obviously still have a lot of shortcomings. The rise and development of tissue engineering provide a new way to solve this problem. Tissue engineering plants high concentrations of function-related living cells isolated in vitro, cultured on a natural, synthetic scaffold, so that they can be implanted into the human body to form new functional tissues that can be manufactured. Save or repair lost organizational functions. A key factor in the industrial production of tissue or organs in tissue engineering is the implantation of sufficient numbers of regenerative cells that do not cause immune response. The in vitro culture and amplification of seed cells has become an important link in tissue engineering. The ideal seed cells should be easy to obtain, easy to culture and proliferate in vitro, no change of biological characteristics in long-term passage, small antigenicity, strong tissue repair ability and so on. At present, the researches on skin seed cells mainly focus on the large-scale culture of epidermal cells, the study of epidermal stem cells, and the directional induction and differentiation of embryonic stem cells into epidermal cells. Epidermal cell
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R329.2;R644

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