老龄小鼠颈部软组织损伤对大脑记忆的影响

发布时间：2018-05-16 21:41

本文选题：老龄 + 小鼠　；参考：《吉林大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在很多工作中,人们往往需要长时间保持头颈的前屈姿势,这种非生理性体位可使颈部肌肉、韧带以及颈椎骨关节结构、神经根受到不良影响,日积月累,颈椎失去平衡,其稳定性与灵活性受到破坏。据报道,目前颈椎病发病率正逐年增加。倪文才等学者研究认为,颈部软组织损害性病变所产生的异常应力导致颈椎力学平衡结构破坏,进而引起颈椎节段性失稳[1],先天性发育畸形、继发性外伤、退行性改变、肿瘤及感染等常可诱发颈椎不稳,常指枕寰关节不稳和寰枢关节不稳。从而导致颈椎功能改变和不同程度的神经损伤[2]..。颈椎失稳是临床较常见的一种病理征象,正确认识这一病理过程对指导颈椎疾病的诊治具有重要意义。已有研究报导[3]颈椎失稳可使周围组织血流淤滞,静脉怒张和微循环障碍,导致明显的水肿和炎症反应。颈椎失稳更容易刺激窦椎神经和交感神经,还能过度牵拉关节囊以及韧带引起痉挛[4]。我们利用手术的方法破坏老龄小鼠颈椎周围韧带、肌肉、筋膜等软组织,复制颈椎稳定性异常病理模型,观察其对老龄小鼠大脑记忆功能的影响,并对其发病机制进行了初步的探讨。旨为临床工作中积极防治颈部软组织受损,避免脑功能障碍提供实验依据。本实验利用物理方法即:直径1.0mm的电凝针烧灼烫伤小鼠的第1、2颈椎韧带及其周围的筋膜等软组织,致使颈椎稳定性异常,颈椎关节发生渐进性的微错位,造成椎动脉扭曲、受压,脑组织缺血缺氧以及氧化应激损伤;并通过小鼠的一般状态、行为学检测指标、脑组织病理学、免疫组织化学观察等手段进行综合评价。本实验将6月龄ICR小鼠44只,随机分为2组,即模型组、和对照组,模型组在无菌操作下用手术线作双结扎后剪断颈后肌束,暴露颈椎韧带及第1、2颈椎,剪其棘突及颈椎间韧带,再用直径1.0mm的电凝针烧灼烫伤侧韧带,而后缝合皮肤。对照组不做任何处理。模型制作后的第4周、8周、12周观察小鼠的一般状态;并通过跳台试验、水迷宫试验、洞板试验检测小鼠记忆和智力;脑组织病理切片HE染色;β-淀粉样蛋白、casepase-3免疫组织化学染色;脑组织MDA、SOD,血清NO、LDH的测定,比较模型组和对照组间差异。跳台试验结果表明,与对照组相比模型组小鼠反应期明显延长,潜伏期明显缩短,犯错误次数显著增加(p0.01);水迷宫试验结果显示:与对照组比较模型组小鼠游全程时间和错误次数均明显增加(p0.01),说明模型组小鼠发生了严重的空间分辨性障碍;洞板试验结果表明:与对照组相比模型组小鼠探洞的潜伏期明显延长,3min内的点探索次数明显减少。脑组织切片HE染色显示:对照组小鼠脑海马和皮层神经细胞染色均一,结构完整,细胞膜、核膜清晰;模型组小鼠脑海马可见明显散在的或连续的神经细胞死亡,表现为胞浆深染、核固缩、胞膜核膜界限不清;严重的出现点状中断,在大脑皮层也可见较多死亡的神经细胞。脑组织生物化学检测结果显示:与对照组比较模型组小鼠脑组织MDA含量明显增加,SOD活性明显下降,血清NO含量显著增加(p0.01),LDH活性明显降低。
[Abstract]:In a lot of work, people often need to maintain the head and neck flexion for a long time. This non physiological position can make the neck muscles, ligaments and the structure of the bone and joint of the cervical vertebra. The nerve roots are adversely affected, and the cervical spine is out of balance, the stability and flexibility of the cervical spine are damaged. It is reported that the incidence of cervical spondylosis is increasing year by year. Ni Wencai and other scholars believe that the abnormal stress caused by the lesion of the cervical soft tissue causes the damage of the mechanical balance structure of the cervical spine, and then causes the cervical segmental instability [1], congenital malformation, secondary trauma, degenerative changes, tumor and infection often induce cervical instability, often referring to occipital atlantoaxial instability and atlantoaxial joints. The cervical instability is a common pathological sign in the clinic. It is important for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical spondylosis to correctly understand the pathological process of the cervical spine. It is reported that the instability of the cervical vertebra of [3] can make the surrounding tissue flow stasis, venous rage and microcirculation disorder, guide the [2]. The instability of the cervical spine is more likely to stimulate the sinus nerve and the sympathetic nerve, and can also excessively pull the joint capsule and the ligaments to cause spasmodic [4].. We use the surgical methods to destroy the soft tissues such as the surrounding ligaments, muscles and fascia of the aged mice, copy the abnormal pathological model of the stability of the cervical vertebra, and observe the aging mice. The effect of brain memory function and its pathogenesis were preliminarily discussed in order to provide experimental basis for preventing the damage of neck soft tissue and avoiding brain dysfunction in clinical work.
In this experiment, the physical method, the electrocoagulation needle of the diameter 1.0mm, was used to burn the soft tissues such as the 1,2 cervical ligament and the surrounding fascia in the scalded mice, which resulted in the abnormal stability of the cervical spine and the progressive micro dislocation of the cervical joints, resulting in the distortion of the vertebral artery, the compression, the ischemic oxygen deficiency of the brain tissue, and the oxidative stress injury, and through the general shape of the mice. Comprehensive evaluation was made by means of state, behavioral detection index, histopathology and immunohistochemical observation.
In this experiment, 44 6 month old ICR mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, namely, model group, and control group. The model group cut the posterior cervical muscle after double ligature, exposed the cervical ligaments and 1,2 cervical vertebra, cut the spinous process and the cervical intervertebral ligament, then burned the scald ligament and then sutured the skin with the diameter 1.0mm, and then sutured the skin. The control group did not. The general state of mice was observed for fourth weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after making the model. The memory and intelligence of mice were detected by the diving test, water maze test and the hole plate test; HE staining of brain tissue pathology section; beta amyloid protein, casepase-3 immunohistochemical staining; brain tissue MDA, SOD, serum NO, LDH, comparison model group and The results of the platform test showed that the response period of the mice in the model group was obviously prolonged, the incubation period was obviously shortened and the number of mistakes increased significantly (P0.01). The results of water maze test showed that the time and error times of the mice in the model group were significantly increased (P0.01), indicating the occurrence of the model mice. The results of the hole plate test showed that the incubation period of the mice in the model group was obviously prolonged and the number of points in the 3min was obviously reduced. The brain tissue section HE staining showed that the brain hippocampus and the cortical neurons in the control group were stained well, the structure was complete, the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane were clear; the model group was small. The rat brain horse can see obviously scattered or continuous nerve cell death, characterized by deep cytoplasmic staining, nuclear condensation, and unclear boundary of the membrane nuclear membrane, serious occurrence of punctate interruption and more dead nerve cells in the cerebral cortex. The results of brain tissue biochemistry test showed that the MDA content in the brain tissue of the comparison model group was obvious. SOD activity decreased significantly, serum NO content increased significantly (P0.01), LDH activity decreased significantly.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：R363

【引证文献】