肠杆菌科细菌及非发酵菌中整合子的研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 11:28

本文选题：整合子 + 肠杆菌科细菌　；参考：《南京医科大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：背景抗菌药的大量及不合理使用促进了细菌耐药的迅速发展。目前，细菌耐药已逐渐成为一个全球性的问题，其严重后果是影响抗菌药的临床治疗效果，增加患者治疗成本，缩短新药应用周期，直接威胁人体健康。传统观念认为，细菌耐药是由基因突变引起。然而，这种基因突变引起的细菌耐药性并不能传播。近年来，，整合子作为一种新的可移动的基因捕获和表达的元件被提出，整合子由5’保守区、3’保守区和两者之间的可变区组成。在整合酶的作用下，整合子可捕获外源耐药基因，在位于整合子上游的启动子作用下表达，使携带整合子的菌株具有耐药及多重耐药性，并可将自身可变区的基因切除成为游离的环状分子，介导细菌耐药性的传播。整合子是细菌，尤其是革兰阴性菌耐药性迅速发展的重要原因。但目前关于整合子的流行现状、基因盒的特性及功能尚未见大样本的地区性研究报道。目的本研究旨在调查南京地区肠杆菌科细菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌中整合子的种类及分布，分析整合子与这些菌耐药和多重耐药的关系，并进一步探讨整合子参与这些菌耐药和多重耐药的分子机制。
[Abstract]:Background the large amount and unreasonable use of antimicrobial agents promote the rapid development of bacterial drug resistance. At present, bacterial drug resistance has gradually become a global problem, its serious consequences are to affect the clinical efficacy of antimicrobial drugs, increase the treatment cost of patients, shorten the application period of new drugs, and directly threaten human health. The traditional view is that bacterial drug resistance is caused by gene mutation. However, the bacterial resistance caused by this genetic mutation cannot be transmitted. In recent years, integron has been proposed as a new mobile gene capture and expression element. Integron consists of 5 'conserved 3' conserved region and the variable region between them. Under the action of integrase, integrons can capture exogenous drug resistance genes and express them under the action of promoters located upstream of integrons, which makes the strains carrying integrons resistant to drugs and multidrug resistance. The gene of its variable region can be removed into free ring molecule, which can mediate the spread of bacterial resistance. Integron is an important reason for the rapid development of drug resistance of bacteria, especially Gram-negative bacteria. However, the prevalence of integrons and the characteristics and functions of gene cassettes have not been reported in large samples. Objective to investigate Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in Nanjing, the purpose of this study is to investigate enterobacteriaceae in Nanjing. The species and distribution of integrons in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, the relationship between integron and drug resistance and multidrug resistance of these bacteria were analyzed, and the molecular mechanism of integron involved in drug resistance and multidrug resistance of these strains was discussed.
【学位授予单位】：南京医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R378

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