膝关节不同功能位断面解剖及三维可视化研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 22:17

本文选题：膝关节 + 断面解剖　；参考：《第三军医大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】： 目的观察膝关节各结构在不同功能位的断面解剖结构特点及变化规律,并与相对应的MRI进行对照研究,以期为膝关节疾患的动态MRI影像学诊断提供解剖学资料;建立膝关节不同功能位三维可视化数字模型,观察膝关节各结构在不同功能位的三维空间位置及相互毗邻关系,为计算机辅助关节外科手术提供立体形态学基础。方法 1.选用无明显关节病变的新鲜成年膝关节标本15例(全伸位、屈曲45o及90o三个功能位各5例),将各功能位标本用5%蓝色明胶包埋,低温条件下对标本进行层厚为0.5mm的薄层铣切。 2.选择抽取不同功能位膝关节连续薄层断面图像数据各一套,进行图像的精确配准和格式转换,将断面图像与相对应的MRI图像对照研究。 3.对无明显膝关节病变的成年志愿者60人,在MRI上选用SE-T1加权,做层厚2.0mm无间距扫描,TR1500ms,TE15ms。测量膝关节由全伸位到屈曲位前、后交叉韧带的长度和厚度,并观察髌股位置关系。 4.运用图像分割软件,分别对不同功能位膝关节内前交叉韧带、后交叉韧带、内侧半月板、外侧半月板、髌骨、胫骨以及腓骨等进行结构数据的分割与提取,并完成不同功能位膝关节内主要解剖结构的三维重建。 5.应用Amira软件对不同功能位膝关节冰冻连续断面的三维数据场进行任意方位剖切,观察并评测断面图像。结果 1.获取膝关节矢状断面数据集15套(全伸位、屈曲45°及屈曲90°各5套),数字化摄影分辨率分别为630万像素和1,100万像素,所对应的每个24bit断面图像文件大小为36MB和63MB,为TIFF文件格式。组织结构无变形、移位,可在原位对膝关节的内部结构进行观测。 2.在屈膝过程中,前交叉韧带由紧张变松弛,长度缩短而厚度增宽。后交叉韧带由松弛变紧张,长度变长而厚度缩窄。随膝关节屈曲,髌骨在股骨髁上的滑行轨迹类似
[Abstract]:Objective to observe the anatomical characteristics and changes of different functional structures of knee joint, and to compare them with MRI. In order to provide anatomical data for dynamic MRI imaging diagnosis of knee joint diseases, to establish a three-dimensional visual digital model of different functional positions of knee joint, to observe the three-dimensional spatial position of each structure of knee joint in different functional positions and their relationship with each other. To provide stereomorphologic basis for computer aided arthrosurgery. Method 1. Fifteen fresh adult knee joint specimens without obvious articular lesions (5 cases in full extension position, 5 cases in flexion 45o position and 90 o position) were implanted with 5% blue gelatin. The specimens were milled at low temperature with 0.5mm thickness. 2. Select and extract one set of continuous thin section image data of knee joint in different functional position, and carry out the accurate registration and format conversion of the image. A comparative study of sectional images and corresponding MRI images. SE-T1 weighted 2.0mm scan was performed on 60 adult volunteers without obvious knee joint lesions. The length and thickness of posterior cruciate ligament were measured from total extension position to flexion position. 4. 4. The anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, medial meniscus, lateral meniscus, patella, tibia and fibula were segmented and extracted with image segmentation software. Three dimensional reconstruction of the main anatomical structure of knee joint in different functional position was completed. 5. 5. Using Amira software, the 3D data field of frozen continuous section of knee joint in different functional positions was cut in any azimuth, and the sectional images were observed and evaluated. Result 1. Fifteen sets of sagittal section data sets of knee joint (5 sets of total extension, 45 掳flexion and 90 掳flexion) were obtained. The resolution of digital photography was 6.3 million pixels and 11 million pixels, respectively. The corresponding size of each 24bit section image file was 36MB and 63MB. Tissue structure without deformation, displacement, can be in situ observation of the internal structure of the knee. 2. 2. During flexion, the anterior cruciate ligament changes from tension to relaxation, shortening the length and widening the thickness. The posterior cruciate ligament changes from relaxation to tension, its length becomes longer and its thickness narrows. With the flexion of the knee joint, the patellar glide on the supracondylar of the femur is similar.
【学位授予单位】：第三军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R322

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