骨发生形态蛋白-2对胆碱能神经元发育的影响

发布时间：2018-06-16 10:59

本文选题：胆碱能神经元 + BMP-2　；参考：《吉林大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：胆碱能神经元作为一种重要的功能神经元广泛的存在于中枢神经系统中,其具有不同的形态特征,行使着多种功能。它直接参与人类的学习、记忆、运动、睡眠等生理活动,同时又是临床上多种中枢神经系统退行性疾病的靶细胞。目前,临床上试图应用神经干细胞移植的方法来治疗此类疾病。但是,最棘手的问题是获得的神经干细胞不能全部定向分化为所需的胆碱能神经元,以至于所得到的胆碱能神经元的数量远远不足以起到治疗的作用。因此要解决与胆碱能神经元相关的中枢神经系统疾病,还是首先要从根本上掌握其发生发育和调节机制。因为它不但是探索疾病治疗途经的基础也是理解中枢神经系统功能的基础。若要研究影响胆碱能神经元发生发育过程的细胞外因子就要首先了解胆碱能神经元的发育情况。乙酰胆碱转移酶(choline acetyltransferase,ChAT)是胆碱能神经元合成神经递质乙酰胆碱的限速酶,作为胆碱能神经元的标志性蛋白,可以显示其表达区域也可以追踪胆碱能神经元的发生、迁移及其最后的分布。在小鼠胚胎12 天(E12)胆碱能神经元前体细胞开始出现,主要位于端脑脑室的腹侧。E13.5 天,ChAT 阳性细胞存在于所有脑室的生发区。E 14 天出现于侧脑室背外侧及第三脑室的腹背侧部。E 15 天胆碱能神经元除在上述区域继续发育外,还出现在侧脑室内侧,背侧和腹侧壁。上述胆碱能神经元在发育端脑中的分布都是受到一定信息的引导,使其获得特定的时空发育命运。那么这种发育的命运是如何获得的呢?这是我们要研究的主要问题。在中枢神经系统发育中,细胞外因子和细胞内同源域蛋白共同参与了对细胞命运的决定,胆碱能神经元的发生也同样遵循这一规律。细胞外因子为神经元前体细胞向特定的神经元分化提供所需的信息,若要了
[Abstract]:As an important functional neuron, cholinergic neurons widely exist in the central nervous system (CNS). It is directly involved in human learning, memory, movement, sleep and other physiological activities, but also a variety of clinical central nervous system degenerative diseases target cells. At present, we try to use neural stem cell transplantation to treat these diseases. However, the most difficult problem is that the obtained neural stem cells can not be all directional differentiation into the required cholinergic neurons, so the number of the obtained cholinergic neurons is far from enough to play a therapeutic role. Therefore, in order to solve the central nervous system diseases associated with cholinergic neurons, we must first understand the mechanism of its development and regulation. Because it is not only the basis for exploring the treatment of disease, but also for understanding the function of the central nervous system. In order to study the extracellular factors that affect the development of cholinergic neurons, we must first understand the development of cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine acetyltransferase (Chat) is a rate-limiting enzyme for cholinergic neurons to synthesize the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is the iconic protein of cholinergic neurons, indicating its expression region and tracking the occurrence of cholinergic neurons. Migration and its final distribution. The precursor cells of cholinergic neurons began to appear on the 12th day of mouse embryo. The cholinergic neurons mainly located in ventral part of the endoventricular. E13.5 days were found in the germinal regions of all the ventricles. E14 days later, cholinergic neurons appeared in the dorsolateral ventral part of the lateral ventricle and the ventral dorsal part of the third ventricle on the 15th day, except that the cholinergic neurons continued to develop in the above regions. It also appears in the medial, dorsal and ventral walls of the lateral ventricle. The distribution of these cholinergic neurons in the developmental brain is guided by certain information, which makes them obtain a specific fate of space-time development. So how did the fate of development come about? This is the main problem we have to study. In the development of the central nervous system, extracellular factors and intracellular homologous domain proteins are involved in the determination of cell fate, and the occurrence of cholinergic neurons follows the same rule. Extracellular factors provide the necessary information for neuronal progenitor cells to differentiate into specific neurons.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R329

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