淡色库蚊对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯抗性相关基因的研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 12:10

本文选题：淡色库蚊 + 有机磷　；参考：《中国人民解放军军事医学科学院》2005年博士论文

【摘要】：淡色库蚊(Culex pipiens palJens)是我国北方广泛分布的重要病媒蚊虫,是城市灭蚊的主要对象之一。由于其主要孳生于污水沟中,长期接触农用、林用和卫生用有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂,已渐渐对这两类杀虫剂产生了抗性。在环境受到污染的同时,蚊虫抗性的产生也大大加大了对其防治的难度,因此迫切需要对杀虫剂抗性的发生和发展进行深入研究。本项研究主要针对淡色库蚊敏感株和野外株对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯抗性相关基因进行研究,试图了解淡色库蚊抗性相关代谢酶基因和靶标酶基因与抗性水平之间的关系,探讨抗性相关基因的变化在淡色库蚊抗性形成中的作用,从分子水平对抗性相关基因(羧酸酯酶基因和乙酰胆碱酯酶基因)进行研究,为更进一步深入地研究淡色库蚊的抗性机理打下理论基础。本研究的主要结果如下: 1.淡色库蚊野外株对杀虫剂抗性水平检测结果采用残杀威、敌敌畏和辛硫磷三种杀虫剂对实验室敏感株和北京市郊8个野外株淡色库蚊进行生物学检测。结果显示淡色库蚊野外株对不同杀虫剂均有不同程度的抗性:对残杀威抗性指数从3.13至7.24倍,对敌敌畏抗性指数从2.84至9.88倍,对辛硫磷抗性指数从1.15至3.33倍。 2.淡色库蚊筛选抗性株的抗性机制使用残杀威对淡色库蚊野外株进行筛选,筛选8代后抗性指数由原来的4.79倍上升至12.07倍。对敏感株和筛选抗性株分别进行羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性测定,结果显示羧酸酯酶在对残杀威的抗性形成中作用较小,而乙酰胆碱酯酶的敏感性降低与筛选抗性株的抗性形成有关。 3.淡色库蚊野外株酯酶基因表达量的分析及与对杀虫剂抗性的相关性对淡色库蚊11个野外株的Est α 2-Est β 2基因进行定量分析,结果显示,
[Abstract]:Culex pipiens palJens (Culex pipiens palJens) is an important vector mosquito widely distributed in northern China. Because of its main breeding in sewage ditch, long-term exposure to agricultural, forest and sanitary use of organic phosphorus and carbamate insecticides, has gradually developed resistance to these two kinds of insecticides. At the same time, the emergence of mosquito resistance has greatly increased the difficulty of its prevention and control, so it is urgent to study the occurrence and development of insecticide resistance. In order to understand the relationship between the metabolic enzyme genes and target enzyme genes of Culex pipiens pallens resistance to organophosphorus and carbamate resistance genes in the field and sensitive strains of Culex pipiens pallens were studied. To explore the role of resistance-related genes in the formation of resistance of Culex pipiens pallens, and to study the resistance related genes (carboxylesterase gene and acetylcholinesterase gene) at molecular level. It lays a theoretical foundation for further study on resistance mechanism of Culex pipiens pallens. The main results of this study are as follows: 1. The resistance level of Culex pipiens pallens to insecticides was determined by propoxur. Three insecticides, dichlorvos and phoxim, were used to detect the laboratory sensitive strains and 8 field strains of Culex pipiens pallens. The results showed that the field strains of Culex pipiens pallens had different degrees of resistance to different insecticides: the resistance index to propoxur ranged from 3.13 to 7.24 times, and the resistance index to dichlorvos ranged from 2.84 to 9.88 times. The resistance index to phoxim ranged from 1.15 to 3.33 times. The resistance mechanism of Culex pipiens pallens screening resistance strains using propoxur to screen field Culex pipiens pallens strains, the resistance index of Culex pipiens pallens was increased from 4.79 times to 12.07 times after 8 generations of screening. The activity of carboxylesterase and acetylcholinesterase in sensitive and screening resistant strains were determined respectively. The results showed that carboxylesterase had little effect on the formation of resistance to propoxur. The decrease of the sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase was related to the formation of resistance of resistant plants. The expression of esterase gene in field strains of Culex pipiens pallens and the correlation between esterase gene expression and insecticide resistance were analyzed quantitatively for est 伪 2-Est 尾 2 gene of 11 Culex pipiens pallens strains. The results show that
【学位授予单位】：中国人民解放军军事医学科学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R384

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