体外诱导人骨髓间充质干细胞向多巴胺能神经元分化
发布时间：2018-11-06 20:16
【摘要】：目的： 中脑多巴胺(dopamine，DA)能神经元在机体运动控制的调节中发挥重要作用，主要包括对运动整合的整体调节，神经内分泌激素的释放，认知和情感活动。中枢DA能神经元的缺陷将会引起广泛的神经精神障碍，如帕金森氏病(parkinson's disease，PD)，精神分裂症和tourette's病等，而且许多药物(如可卡因)成瘾也直接和DA能神经传递有关。这些疾病是临床上治疗的难点，缺乏有效的治疗方法。通过在体外获取DA能神经元并将其移植入体内，治疗包括PD在内的神经精神性疾病，是近年来这一研究领域中的热点，具有极大的潜在应用价值。 在过去的几十年里，许多方法和细胞来源已经被用于体外获取DA能神经元，从这些研究中产生了两个主要的细胞来源即神经干细胞(neural stem cells，NSC)和胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells，，ESC)，但是人神经干细胞和人胚胎干细胞的来源和伦理上的问题严重制约了它们在细胞移植替代治疗中的应用。而骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells，BMSCs)的发现为神经细胞移植替代治疗提供了一种理想的细胞来源。人BMSCs是存在于骨髓中的非造血干细胞，容易获取和培养，又可以进行自体移植，具有人神经干细胞和人胚胎干细胞无法比拟的优点。研究表明BMSCs不仅可以向间叶组织的各种细胞进行分化，在体外一定条件下还可以向神经细胞进行分化，并表达神经细胞的标志。所以，研究人BMSCs定向分化为DA能神经元对细胞移植替代治疗包括PD在内的神经精神
[Abstract]:Objective: midbrain dopaminergic neurons (dopamine,DA) play an important role in the regulation of motor control, including the overall regulation of motor integration and the release of neuroendocrine hormones. Cognitive and emotional activities. Defects in central DA neurons may cause a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (parkinson's disease,PD), schizophrenia and tourette's 's disease. And many drugs, such as cocaine, are also directly linked to DA neurotransmitters. These diseases are difficult in clinical treatment and lack of effective treatment. In recent years, the acquisition and transplantation of DA neurons into vivo for the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases, including PD, has been a hot topic in this field and has great potential application value. Over the past few decades, many methods and cell sources have been used to obtain DA neurons in vitro, resulting in two major cell sources, neural stem cell (neural stem cells,NSC) and embryonic stem cell (embryonic stem cells, However, the origin and ethical problems of human neural stem cells and human embryonic stem cells seriously restrict their application in cell transplantation substitution therapy. The discovery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs) provides an ideal cell source for neuronal transplantation replacement therapy. Human BMSCs is a non-hematopoietic stem cell in bone marrow, which is easy to obtain and culture, and can be autotransplanted, which has the advantages of human neural stem cells and human embryonic stem cells. The results show that BMSCs can not only differentiate into various cells in mesenchymal tissue, but also differentiate into nerve cells under certain conditions in vitro, and express the markers of nerve cells. Therefore, the study of the differentiation of human BMSCs into DA neurons for cell transplantation replacement therapy, including PD, neuropsychiatric
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R329
[Abstract]:Objective: midbrain dopaminergic neurons (dopamine,DA) play an important role in the regulation of motor control, including the overall regulation of motor integration and the release of neuroendocrine hormones. Cognitive and emotional activities. Defects in central DA neurons may cause a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (parkinson's disease,PD), schizophrenia and tourette's 's disease. And many drugs, such as cocaine, are also directly linked to DA neurotransmitters. These diseases are difficult in clinical treatment and lack of effective treatment. In recent years, the acquisition and transplantation of DA neurons into vivo for the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases, including PD, has been a hot topic in this field and has great potential application value. Over the past few decades, many methods and cell sources have been used to obtain DA neurons in vitro, resulting in two major cell sources, neural stem cell (neural stem cells,NSC) and embryonic stem cell (embryonic stem cells, However, the origin and ethical problems of human neural stem cells and human embryonic stem cells seriously restrict their application in cell transplantation substitution therapy. The discovery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs) provides an ideal cell source for neuronal transplantation replacement therapy. Human BMSCs is a non-hematopoietic stem cell in bone marrow, which is easy to obtain and culture, and can be autotransplanted, which has the advantages of human neural stem cells and human embryonic stem cells. The results show that BMSCs can not only differentiate into various cells in mesenchymal tissue, but also differentiate into nerve cells under certain conditions in vitro, and express the markers of nerve cells. Therefore, the study of the differentiation of human BMSCs into DA neurons for cell transplantation replacement therapy, including PD, neuropsychiatric
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R329
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1 刘博武;吕安林;燕学波;黄炜;候婧;李W
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