以恶性疟原虫MSP1和AMA1为基础的疫苗组合免疫诱导保护性免疫的研究

发布时间：2018-11-29 13:26

【摘要】：疟疾是一种流行范围很广的热带寄生虫传染病,其中以恶性疟最为严重。近年来疟原虫开始出现抗药性并呈快速扩散的趋势,而其传播媒介按蚊对杀虫剂的耐药性也在不断增强,因此迫切需要一种新的策略去控制疟疾的蔓延。而有效的疟疾疫苗可以为防止疟原虫感染和阻断蚊媒传播提供重要的手段,从而在根本上控制甚至消除疟疾。疟原虫的红细胞内期是其最主要的致病阶段,恶性疟原虫在血液中进行大量无性增殖与初始有性阶段,大量破坏宿主红细胞是引起疟疾发作的根本原因,同时此期也是蚊媒吸血传播的主要阶段,因此研制红内期疟疾疫苗对于减少疟疾发病、降低疟疾发病程度、控制疟疾的蔓延具有十分重要的意义。除红内期外,阻断子孢子对肝细胞的入侵也非常重要。目前,普遍认为多期、多价的复合疫苗是抗疟疫苗的最佳方案。 DNA疫苗是一种安全有效的疫苗形式,可低水平持续表达蛋白,诱导体液和细胞免疫应答;重组病毒载体疫苗则主要以诱导细胞免疫应答为主;蛋白质疫苗加合适佐剂免疫接种,能诱导以体液应答为主的免疫
[Abstract]:Malaria is a widespread tropical parasitic infectious disease, in which falciparum malaria is the most serious. In recent years, the malaria parasite began to develop resistance and spread rapidly, and its vector Anopheles mosquito resistance to insecticides is also increasing. Therefore, a new strategy is urgently needed to control the spread of malaria. The effective malaria vaccine can provide an important means to prevent malaria parasite infection and block the transmission of mosquito vector, so as to control or even eliminate malaria fundamentally. The intraerythrocyte stage of Plasmodium falciparum is the main stage of its pathogenesis. Falciparum carries out a large number of asexual proliferation and initial sexual stage in the blood, and the destruction of host red blood cells is the fundamental cause of malaria attack. At the same time, this period is also the main stage of blood transmission of mosquito vector, so it is of great significance to develop an internal red malaria vaccine to reduce the incidence of malaria, and control the spread of malaria. In addition to the red phase, blocking the invasion of hepatocytes by sporozoites is also very important. At present, it is generally accepted that multiphase, multivalent compound vaccine is the best option for antimalarial vaccine. DNA vaccine is a safe and effective form of vaccine, which can continuously express proteins at low level and induce body fluid and cellular immune response, while recombinant virus vector vaccine mainly induces cellular immune response. Protein vaccine with appropriate adjuvant can induce humoral immune response.
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R392

【共引文献】