人胎儿毛囊隆突细胞的体外分离培养及诱导分化

发布时间：2019-01-30 07:50

【摘要】：【研究背景】烧伤治疗的根本任务是有效地覆盖、封闭创面。目前在烧伤的临床治疗中所广泛采用的自体断层皮片移植法虽然成功救治了众多患者，但也面临着自体皮源不足、增加创面面积、移植后皮肤挛缩及缺乏皮肤附件等难题。组织工程技术的发展为烧伤创面的修复提供新的思路。目前已经有商品化的组织工程皮肤应用于临床并取得一定的效果，但距理想的组织工程皮肤仍存在较大的差距，主要表现在缺乏毛囊，皮脂腺和汗腺等皮肤附属器、免疫排斥、抗感染能力弱、支架来源有限及价格昂贵等。成体干细胞和生物材料领域的发展为解决上述问题提供新的契机。组织工程成功与否取决于以下三个关键性制约因素：种子细胞、支架材料以及有助于细胞生长、分化的外在环境。其中种子细胞一直是组织工程研究的核心问题。理想的种子细胞应该具有容易获得、容易在体外培养增殖、长期传代不改变生物学特性、抗原性小、组织修复能力强等特征。近年来研究表明表皮干细胞作为组织特异性干细胞，具有无限增殖和多项分化潜能，理论上可以分化为皮肤的各种细胞成分和结构，是包括附属器在内的皮肤的发生、修复、改建的关键性源泉。目前认为表皮干细胞储存于皮肤基底膜和与之解剖相连的毛囊外根鞘隆突部位。而皮肤基底膜细胞中只含有4-10％的表皮干细胞，95％的表皮干细胞储存于毛囊的隆
[Abstract]:Background the fundamental task of burn treatment is to effectively cover and seal wounds. Although the autologous skin graft has been widely used in the clinical treatment of burn, although it has successfully cured many patients, it also faces the problems of insufficient autologous skin source, increasing the area of the wound, skin contracture after transplantation and the lack of skin accessories. The development of tissue engineering technology provides new ideas for the repair of burn wounds. At present, commercial tissue engineering skin has been used in clinical practice and achieved certain results, but there is still a big gap from ideal tissue engineering skin, mainly due to the lack of skin appendages such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands and sweat glands, and immune rejection. The ability of anti-infection is weak, the source of stent is limited and the price is high. The development of adult stem cells and biomaterials provides a new opportunity to solve these problems. The success of tissue engineering depends on three key constraints: seed cells, scaffold materials, and an external environment conducive to cell growth and differentiation. Seed cells have been the core of tissue engineering research. The ideal seed cells should be easy to obtain, easy to culture and proliferate in vitro, no change in biological characteristics, small antigenicity, strong tissue repair ability, and so on. Recent studies have shown that epidermal stem cells, as tissue-specific stem cells, have unlimited proliferation and multiple differentiation potential, and can theoretically differentiate into various cell components and structures of the skin, which is the occurrence and repair of skin, including appendages. The key source of alteration. Epidermal stem cells are now thought to be stored in the skin basement membrane and the outer root sheath of the hair follicle associated with its anatomy. However, only 4-10% of the epidermal stem cells were found in the skin basement membrane cells, and 95% of the epidermal stem cells were stored in the hair follicles.
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R329.2

【参考文献】