免疫抑制宿主Toll样受体表达及对烟曲霉菌感染免疫应答
发布时间：2019-04-23 17:53
【摘要】：自上世纪90年代以来,由于机体免疫功能受损患者日趋增多,侵袭性烟曲霉菌病的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,其发病甚至已经超过了最常见的真菌感染—侵袭性念珠菌病,成为威胁免疫受损宿主生命的严重感染性疾病之一。目前侵袭性肺烟曲霉菌病早期诊断极为困难,病情进展快,可选用的抗真菌制剂有限,治疗成功率很低,患者病死率达40～65%。烟曲霉菌在免疫健全宿主及少量菌存在时一般不致病,仅在长期的粒细胞低下、血液系统恶性肿瘤、长期应用糖皮质激素、异基因骨髓移植或实体器官移植及AIDS等致机体免疫力减弱时,大量烟曲菌的入侵才可能发病。宿主抵抗烟曲霉菌感染的免疫应答包括先天免疫及获得性免疫,中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞是机体抗烟曲霉菌感染的第一道防线,构成抗曲霉菌的天然免疫;树突状细胞和T淋巴细胞等介导其获得性免疫应答过程。宿主的免疫系统决定了真菌感染疾病的发生发展及预后。近年研究发现,Toll样受体(toll-like receptor, TLR)信号转导途径在机体抗真菌先天及获得
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, because of the increasing number of patients with impaired immune function, the incidence of invasive tobacco aspergillosis has increased year by year. The incidence of invasive aspergillosis has even exceeded the most common fungal infection, invasive candidiasis. It has become one of the serious infectious diseases that threaten the life of immune impaired host. At present, the early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is very difficult, the progress of the disease is fast, the antifungal agents available are limited, the success rate of treatment is very low, and the fatality rate of the patients is up to 40%. Aspergillus fumigatus generally does not cause disease when immune host and a small number of bacteria exist, only in long-term neutropenia, malignant tumor of the blood system, long-term use of glucocorticoid, When allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or solid organ transplantation and AIDS weaken immunity, the invasion of a large number of Aspergillus fumigatus may occur. The host immune response to Aspergillus fumigatus infection includes innate immunity and acquired immunity. Neutrophils and macrophages are the first line of defense against Aspergillus fumigatus infection and constitute the natural immunity against Aspergillus fumigatus. Dendritic cells and T lymphocytes mediate the process of acquired immune response. The host's immune system determines the occurrence, development and prognosis of fungal infections. Recently, it has been found that Toll-like receptor (toll-like receptor, TLR) signal transduction pathway is innate and acquired in organism anti-fungal.
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R392
本文编号：2463670
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, because of the increasing number of patients with impaired immune function, the incidence of invasive tobacco aspergillosis has increased year by year. The incidence of invasive aspergillosis has even exceeded the most common fungal infection, invasive candidiasis. It has become one of the serious infectious diseases that threaten the life of immune impaired host. At present, the early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is very difficult, the progress of the disease is fast, the antifungal agents available are limited, the success rate of treatment is very low, and the fatality rate of the patients is up to 40%. Aspergillus fumigatus generally does not cause disease when immune host and a small number of bacteria exist, only in long-term neutropenia, malignant tumor of the blood system, long-term use of glucocorticoid, When allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or solid organ transplantation and AIDS weaken immunity, the invasion of a large number of Aspergillus fumigatus may occur. The host immune response to Aspergillus fumigatus infection includes innate immunity and acquired immunity. Neutrophils and macrophages are the first line of defense against Aspergillus fumigatus infection and constitute the natural immunity against Aspergillus fumigatus. Dendritic cells and T lymphocytes mediate the process of acquired immune response. The host's immune system determines the occurrence, development and prognosis of fungal infections. Recently, it has been found that Toll-like receptor (toll-like receptor, TLR) signal transduction pathway is innate and acquired in organism anti-fungal.
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R392
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 苏明权,樊新,张建芳,丁振若,于文彬;器官移植术后曲霉菌感染致死4例[J];第四军医大学学报;2002年17期
2 陈虹,钟琦,薛峰,郑捷;地塞米松对小鼠脾脏巨噬细胞内TLR4和TLR2表达的影响[J];上海免疫学杂志;2003年02期
，本文编号：2463670
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