建立动脉粥样硬化蚀损斑块模型的实验研究
发布时间：2019-04-24 11:13
【摘要】：目的 急性冠状动脉综合征和心脏缺血性猝死是严重威胁人类生命的重大疾病，其病理基础为易损斑块，其中蚀损斑块是其重要分型之一。尸检研究发现，蚀损斑块合并血栓形成多见于猝死患者，约占冠脉血栓所致心脏性猝死的25％～44％，在中、青年及女性猝死者中更为多见，70％的蚀损斑块并血栓形成发生于50岁以下猝死者，女性猝死病因为蚀损斑块并血栓形成者高达37.4％～50％。目前，由于吸烟、肥胖、少运动和工作压力等原因，中、青年猝死率呈现上升趋势，故对作为其重要病理机制之一的蚀损斑块的研究具有十分重要的意义。迄今为止，，有关蚀损斑块并血栓形成的研究尚少，主要为尸检、动物实验和体外研究。因蚀损斑块多见于猝死患者，故进行临床研究难度大。目前，蚀损斑块的研究存在许多问题有待解决：(1)未形成成熟的动物模型，由于蚀损斑块并血栓形成的临床研究需要较特殊的设备，且没有形成明确的诊断标准，故建立成熟的动物模型以便开展研究显得尤为重要；(2)机制的研究，脂质沉积学说、炎症学说等在蚀损斑块并血栓形成中占据何种地位，引起蚀损斑块表面内皮细胞剥脱的机制，蚀损斑块表面血栓形成的原因等；(3)蚀损斑块并血栓形成的临床诊断，如何在急性冠状动脉综合征和心原性猝死患者中发现病理基础为蚀损斑块者，目前尚无公认的影像学和分子生物学等方面的方法和金标准；(4)正是由于存在着上述问题，如何有针对性的开展蚀损斑块并血栓形成的预防和治疗，目前罕见研究。 所以，本研究主要目的：建立动脉粥样硬化蚀损斑块并血栓形成的新西兰兔模型，以便进一步开展有关其机制、诊断方法和预防治疗等方面研究。
[Abstract]:Aim Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) are serious diseases threatening human life. The pathological basis of these diseases is vulnerable plaque, among which erosive plaque is one of its important types. Postmortem studies found that plaque erosion with thrombosis was more common in patients with sudden death, accounting for about 25% of sudden cardiac death caused by coronary thrombosis, and was more common in young and female sudden deaths. 70% of the patients died of plaque erosion and thrombosis occurred under the age of 50. The incidence of female sudden death due to plaque erosion and thrombosis was as high as 37.4% and 50% respectively. At present, due to smoking, obesity, less exercise and work pressure, the sudden death rate of young people is increasing, so it is of great significance to study the erosive plaque, which is one of its important pathological mechanisms. So far, there have been few studies on plaque erosion and thrombosis, including autopsy, animal experiments and in vitro studies. It is difficult to carry out clinical research because the plaque is often seen in patients with sudden death. At present, there are many problems to be solved in the study of plaque erosion: (1) there is no mature animal model, because the clinical research of plaque erosion and thrombosis needs special equipment, and there is no definite diagnostic standard. Therefore, it is very important to establish mature animal models in order to carry out research. (2) the study of mechanism, the theory of lipid deposition and inflammation in the formation of plaque and thrombosis, the mechanism of denudation of endothelial cells on the surface of the plaque, the cause of thrombosis on the surface of the plaque, and so on. (3) the clinical diagnosis of plaque erosion and thrombosis, and how to find the pathological basis of lesion plaque in patients with acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death. At present, there are no accepted methods and gold standards in imaging and molecular biology. (4) because of the above-mentioned problems, it is rare to study how to prevent and treat plaque erosion and thrombosis. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to establish a new Zealand rabbit model of atherosclerotic plaque and thrombosis in order to further study its mechanism, diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R-332
本文编号：2464402
[Abstract]:Aim Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) are serious diseases threatening human life. The pathological basis of these diseases is vulnerable plaque, among which erosive plaque is one of its important types. Postmortem studies found that plaque erosion with thrombosis was more common in patients with sudden death, accounting for about 25% of sudden cardiac death caused by coronary thrombosis, and was more common in young and female sudden deaths. 70% of the patients died of plaque erosion and thrombosis occurred under the age of 50. The incidence of female sudden death due to plaque erosion and thrombosis was as high as 37.4% and 50% respectively. At present, due to smoking, obesity, less exercise and work pressure, the sudden death rate of young people is increasing, so it is of great significance to study the erosive plaque, which is one of its important pathological mechanisms. So far, there have been few studies on plaque erosion and thrombosis, including autopsy, animal experiments and in vitro studies. It is difficult to carry out clinical research because the plaque is often seen in patients with sudden death. At present, there are many problems to be solved in the study of plaque erosion: (1) there is no mature animal model, because the clinical research of plaque erosion and thrombosis needs special equipment, and there is no definite diagnostic standard. Therefore, it is very important to establish mature animal models in order to carry out research. (2) the study of mechanism, the theory of lipid deposition and inflammation in the formation of plaque and thrombosis, the mechanism of denudation of endothelial cells on the surface of the plaque, the cause of thrombosis on the surface of the plaque, and so on. (3) the clinical diagnosis of plaque erosion and thrombosis, and how to find the pathological basis of lesion plaque in patients with acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death. At present, there are no accepted methods and gold standards in imaging and molecular biology. (4) because of the above-mentioned problems, it is rare to study how to prevent and treat plaque erosion and thrombosis. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to establish a new Zealand rabbit model of atherosclerotic plaque and thrombosis in order to further study its mechanism, diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R-332
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