骨髓间充质干细胞及其向肝样细胞分化的潜能

发布时间：2019-07-23 17:47

【摘要】：背景:研究表明,在一定条件下骨髓间充质干细胞可诱导分化为肝样细胞,为治疗急性肝衰竭等终末期肝病提供了新的思路。目的:对骨髓间充质干细胞的发现、分离培养、诱导分化及应用前景等方面做一综述。方法:计算机检索中国期刊网全文数据库以及PubMed数据库1999至2014年期间有关骨髓间充质干细胞及其向肝样细胞分化的文章。检索词分别为"肝样细胞,骨髓间充质干细胞,细胞分化"和"hepatocyte-like cells,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,differentiation"。最后选择52篇文章纳入结果分析。结果与结论:目前,肝组织工程的首要问题是寻找性状稳定具有肝特异性功能的种子细胞,成熟肝细胞获取难度较大,并具有产生免疫排斥反应、体外培养困难等缺陷,严重限制了肝移植的开展。骨髓间充质干细胞具有多向分化、自我更新快、易于扩增及培养等优点,被认为是最有前途的细胞来源。已有研究表明骨髓间充质干细胞在体内外均可分化为肝细胞,并具有肝细胞的合成和分泌功能。但如何大量扩增此类细胞的同时又能保持其良好的分化潜能、体外培养的最佳条件、诱导分化机制和临床应用的安全性等尚需进一步研究和探讨。
[Abstract]:Background: studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to differentiate into hepatoid cells under certain conditions, which provides a new idea for the treatment of end-stage liver diseases such as acute liver failure. Objective: to review the discovery, isolation, differentiation and application prospect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Methods: the full-text database of Chinese Journal Network and PubMed database from 1999 to 2014 were searched for articles on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their differentiation into hepatoid cells. The key words were "hepatoid cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, cell differentiation" and "hepatocyte-like cells,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,differentiation". Finally, 52 articles were selected for the analysis of the results. Results & conclusion: at present, the primary problem of liver tissue engineering is to find seed cells with stable liver specific function. It is difficult to obtain mature hepatocytes, and has some defects, such as immune rejection, difficulty in culture in vitro and so on, which seriously limits the development of liver transplantation. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are considered to be the most promising source of cells because of their advantages of multidirectional differentiation, fast self-renewal, easy amplification and culture. It has been shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo, and have the function of synthesis and secretion of hepatocytes. However, how to amplify these cells while maintaining their good differentiation potential, the best conditions for in vitro culture, the mechanism of differentiation induction and the safety of clinical application need to be further studied and discussed.
【作者单位】：河北北方学院附属第一医院感染科;
【分类号】：R329

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