家庭结构与功能对居民心理健康的影响——城乡差异比较案例分析

发布时间：2019-08-08 12:34

【摘要】：目的分析家庭结构和功能对城乡居民心理健康的影响,为改善城乡居民心理健康状况提供依据和建议。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,在湖北省武汉市、孝感市、潜江市各选择城市社区和农村行政村各2个,对其15岁及以上的常住人口进行入户调查。家庭结构分为独居、夫妻家庭、标准核心家庭和扩大家庭;家庭功能测量采用APGAR问卷,心理健康状况测量采用GHQ-12量表。结果在城乡居民中,独居分别占5.65%、5.41%,夫妻家庭分别占27.86%、13.13%,标准核心家庭分别占29.96%、29.92%;扩大家庭分别占36.53%、51.54%;家庭功能平均得分是8.05和7.96;心理健康状况平均得分是2.99和2.54。广义线性回归分析结果显示,无论是城市还是农村,家庭功能对心理健康影响均具有显著性,但家庭结构对心理健康影响差异均无统计学意义。结论城乡居民心理健康问题比较严重,特别是农村。家庭结构和功能对心理健康状况影响的差异提示,家庭的"形"(家庭结构)可能并不重要,重要的是家庭的"神"(家庭功能),这为现代社会开展"基于家庭的心理健康服务"提供了参考依据。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the influence of family structure and function on the mental health of urban and rural residents, and to provide evidence and suggestions for improving the mental health status of urban and rural residents. Methods by using the method of stratified cluster sampling, 2 urban communities and 2 rural administrative villages were selected in Wuhan, Xiaogan and Qianjiang, Hubei Province, and the resident population aged 15 and over was investigated. Family structure is divided into living alone, husband and wife family, standard nuclear family and expanded family. APGAR questionnaire is used to measure family function, and GHQ- 12 scale is used to measure mental health status. Results among urban and rural residents, living alone accounted for 5.65%, 5.41%, husband and wife family 27.86%, 13.13%, standard nuclear family 29.96%, standard nuclear family 29.92%, expanded family 36.53%, 51.54%, family function 8.05 and 7.96, mental health status 2.99 and 2.54. The results of generalized linear regression analysis showed that family function had significant influence on mental health in both urban and rural areas, but there was no significant difference in the influence of family structure on mental health. Conclusion the mental health problems of urban and rural residents are serious, especially in rural areas. The difference of the influence of family structure and function on mental health status suggests that the "shape" of family (family structure) may not be important, but the important thing is the "god" of family (family function), which provides a reference for the development of "family-based mental health service" in modern society.
【作者单位】：天津市安定医院(天津市精神卫生中心);华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院社会医学系;
【基金】：湖北省卫生厅卫生政策基金项目(ZC2010-8)
【分类号】：R395

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