1995—2014年河南省周口市AIDS流行特征分析

发布时间：2018-07-04 13:41

本文选题：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 + 流行特征　；参考：《中国全科医学》2015年23期

【摘要】：目的分析1995—2014年河南省周口市AIDS流行特征,为制定预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法检索中国疾病预防控制信息系统AIDS综合防治数据信息系统,选取报告时间为1995—2014年,现住址为周口市的HIV感染者和AIDS患者信息。结果 1995—2014年周口市累计报告HIV感染者和AIDS患者9 187例,其中累计AIDS患者8 215例(89.42%),累计死亡3 254例(35.42%);现存HIV感染者和AIDS患者5 933例,其中AIDS患者5 164例,现存HIV感染者和AIDS患者占常住人口的比例为67.37/10万。1995—2003年,随着监测力度的加大,发现HIV感染者和AIDS患者也逐年增加;2004年对既往有偿献血员(FPDs)开展HIV普查,故报告病例较其他年份显著增高;2005—2012年疫情趋于平稳,呈下降趋势;2013—2014年AIDS疫情有抬头迹象。死亡病例自2006年起逐年下降。HIV感染者和AIDS患者分布于10个县(区、市)204个乡镇(办事处),各县(区、市)现存病例占常住人口比例比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 181.0,P0.01)。AIDS流行一类县、二类县各有5个。HIV感染和AIDS患者中,男性多于女性,性别比为1.23∶1;年龄2~82岁,以30~60岁为主,占83.37%(7 659/9 187)。不同性别、年龄、现住址、民族、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况的现存病例占常住人口比例比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。累计报告病例来源以检测咨询最多,为3 365例(36.63%),有偿供血/血浆人员检测和专题调查次之,分别为2 928例(31.87%)和1 410例(15.35%)。2006年起,经血传播、母婴传播病例占当年累计报告病例的构成比呈下降趋势(χ2趋势=1 096.0、11.8,P0.01),性传播呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=193.4,P0.01)。2006年起,非婚异性传播病例占当年累计报告病例的构成比呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=1 419.0,P0.01),配偶/固定性伴传播占当年累计报告病例的构成比呈下降趋势(χ2趋势=43.6,P0.01)。男男同性传播自2007年报告首例后,其占当年累计报告病例的构成比呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=132.1,P0.01)。结论周口市AIDS疫情近年有所抬头,分布范围广,呈聚集性分布。临床相关检测是HIV感染和AIDS患者的重要来源之一,感染途径已由经血传播向性传播转变,非婚异性传播和男男同性传播上升趋势明显,阻断性传播是当前控制AIDS疫情的重要任务。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic characteristics of AIDS in Zhoukou City, Henan Province from 1995 to 2014, and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods A comprehensive AIDS prevention and control data system of China Disease Prevention and Control Information system was searched. The information of HIV infected persons and AIDS patients in Zhoukou City was selected as the time of reporting from 1995 to 2014 and the current address was Zhoukou City. Results from 1995 to 2014, 9 187 HIV infected persons and AIDS patients were reported in Zhoukou City, including 8 215 AIDS patients (89.42%), 3 254 deaths (35.42%), 5 933 HIV infected persons and AIDS patients, 5 164 AIDS patients. The proportion of existing HIV infected persons and AIDS patients in the resident population is 67.37% / 100 000. In 1995-2003, with the increase of surveillance, it was found that HIV infection and AIDS patients also increased year by year. In 2004, a survey was conducted on paid blood donors (FPDs) on HIV. Therefore, the reported cases were significantly higher than those in other years. The epidemic situation in 2005-2012 tended to be stable and decreased. The AIDS epidemic in 2013-2014 showed signs of increasing. Since 2006, the number of HIV infected persons and AIDS patients has decreased year by year in 10 counties (districts, cities) in 204 townships (offices), and the proportion of existing cases in resident population in each county (district, city) is higher than that in other counties (蠂 ~ 2 / 1 181.0 / P ~ (0.01). There were 5 HIV infection and AIDS patients in the second class county, male was more than female, the sex ratio was 1.23: 1, the age was 2 ~ 82 years old, 30 ~ 60 years old, accounted for 83.37% (7 659 / 9 187). Sex, age, current address, nationality, education, occupation, marital status of the existing cases in the proportion of resident population, the differences were statistically significant (P0.01). The largest number of reported cases, 3365 cases (36.63%), were reported, followed by paid blood supply / plasma test and special investigation, which were 2928 cases (31.87%) and 1,410 cases (15.35%), respectively. The proportion of cases of mother-to-child transmission to the cumulative reported cases in that year showed a decreasing trend (蠂 ~ 2 trend: 1 096.0 / 11.8 / P0.01), and a rising trend of sexual transmission (蠂 ~ (2) trend = 193.4 / P ~ (0.01). The proportion of non-marital heterosexual transmission cases in the cumulative reported cases increased (蠂 2 trend was 1 419.0 / P0.01), and the proportion of spouse / fixed partner transmission to the cumulative reported cases in that year showed a decreasing trend (蠂 2 trend was 43.6 / P0.01). Since the first case was reported in 2007, the proportion of male same-sex transmission to the cumulative reported cases in that year was on the rise (蠂 ~ 2 trend: 132.1 / P0.01). Conclusion the epidemic situation of AIDS in Zhoukou City has been increasing in recent years. Clinical related testing is one of the important sources of HIV infection and AIDS patients. The route of infection has changed from blood transmission to sexual transmission. The trend of heterosexual transmission and male homosexual transmission is obvious. Interdiction of sexual transmission is an important task to control the AIDS epidemic.
【作者单位】：河南省周口市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R512.91

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