河南省蛋用鹌鹑养殖现状与对策研究

发布时间：2018-12-14 18:57

【摘要】：近年来,随着河南省强农惠农政策的稳步实施,畜牧业呈现出良好发展势头,行业生产方式发生积极改变,规模化、标准化和产业化步伐加快,畜牧业已成为农业和农村经济最具活力的增长点和最主要的支柱产业,也是农民经济收入的主要来源之一。河南省蛋用鹌鹑行业发展前景良好,逐渐形成以焦作、新乡、洛阳、漯河等为代表的蛋用鹌鹑产业聚集区和养殖小区,规模化优势日趋显现,区域化效益不断发展,已成为地区乃至全省畜牧业的重要支柱。本文通过查阅与鹌鹑行业发展有关的文献资料,咨询行业主管部门,深入部分科研机构、鹌鹑养殖企业和专业户调查鹌鹑养殖行情与生产现状,调查农贸市场和超市,了解河南省蛋用鹌鹑生产、企业管理、科研、育种及养殖现状,进而从对河南省乃至全国众多的调研资料的整理和相关文献的分析入手,理论联系实际,利用比较、分析和归纳演绎的方法较为系统全面地对河南省蛋用鹌鹑产业发展现状、发展环境与机遇、发展问题及瓶颈做出分析,提出了河南省蛋用鹌鹑产业的发展对策和方向。河南蛋用鹌鹑产业存在以下主要问题:一是资金投入不足,产业融资困难,发展规模差,经济效益不明显;二是品种繁育体系不健全,良种退化严重;三是规范化饲养管理水平和标准化养殖场建设水平不高,生产技术标准欠缺;四是缺乏完整的产业技术服务体系,政策扶持力度不够,产业人才匮乏,创新能力不高;五是产业体系结构不够完整,区域化程度较低,养殖效益不高。这些问题造成了行业标准化、产业化发展水平低、效益差,成为制约河南省蛋用鹌鹑行业持续发展的瓶颈。河南蛋用鹌鹑产业发展对策是:一是建立完善的产业体系,推进区域化发展;二是加强良种繁育水平,提高蛋鹑生产性能;三是加大政策扶持力度,完善服务体系;四是提高生产管理技术水平,科学化、规范化饲养,推行标准化养殖场建设;五是加大生产研发资金投入,建立完善融资渠道。河南蛋用鹌鹑产业今后的发展方向是:结合目前蛋用鹌鹑生产管理水平、良种繁育能力、产业结构现状、行业发展水平和市场需求前景,加强鹌鹑关键生产技术的研究,保持优良品种(品系)遗传性状的稳定和遗传潜力的发挥;合理规划养殖区域,保障市场主体的合法权益;开展鹌鹑的营养物质需要测定,制定涵盖所有生产阶段的有针对性的相关生产标准,并在实践中不断完善;同时大力发展养殖合作社和养殖协会,推行标准化、科学化、规范化的生产管理模式;建立以企业为研发主体、科研院所为助推器的商业化育种模式,实现蛋用鹌鹑产业的可持续发展。本研究结果不仅适用于河南的蛋用鹌鹑产业发展,而且对其他畜禽养殖行业也具有针对性的指导作用,可为有关部门决策和鹌鹑产业发展提供参考依据和建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the steady implementation of the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting agriculture in Henan Province, the animal husbandry has shown a good development momentum, the mode of production of the industry has changed positively, the scale of production has been changed, the pace of standardization and industrialization has been accelerated. Animal husbandry has become the most dynamic growth point and main pillar industry of agriculture and rural economy, and also one of the main sources of farmers' economic income. The egg quail industry in Henan Province has a good development prospect, and gradually formed the egg quail industry agglomeration area and breeding area represented by Jiaozuo, Xinxiang, Luoyang and Luohe. The scale advantage is becoming more and more obvious, and the regionalization benefit is constantly developing. Has become the region and even the province animal husbandry important pillar. In this paper, the quail market and production situation are investigated by consulting the competent department of the quail industry, some scientific research institutions, quail breeding enterprises and professional households, and investigating the farmers' markets and supermarkets. To understand the present situation of quail production, enterprise management, scientific research, breeding and breeding in Henan Province, and then analyze the numerous investigation materials and related documents in Henan Province and even the whole country, and make use of the comparison between theory and practice. The present situation, development environment, opportunities, development problems and bottlenecks of the egg quail industry in Henan Province were analyzed systematically and comprehensively, and the development countermeasures and direction of the quail industry in Henan Province were put forward. The main problems in the quail industry of Henan Province are as follows: first, insufficient investment, difficulty in financing, poor scale of development, and not obvious economic benefit; second, imperfect breeding system of varieties and serious degradation of improved varieties; Third, the level of standardized breeding management and standardized breeding farm construction level is not high, the production technology standard is not high, the fourth is the lack of complete industrial technology service system, the insufficient policy support, the lack of industry talent, the innovation ability is not high; Fifth, the industrial system structure is not complete, regionalization is low, breeding efficiency is not high. These problems resulted in the standardization of the industry, the low level of industrialization and the poor efficiency, which became the bottleneck of the sustainable development of the quail industry in Henan Province. The countermeasures for the development of Henan quail industry are as follows: first, to establish a perfect industrial system to promote the regional development; second, to strengthen the breeding level of improved breeds and improve the performance of egg quail production; third, to strengthen policy support and improve the service system; The fourth is to improve the level of production management technology, scientific, standardized breeding, the implementation of standardized breeding farm construction; fifthly, increase investment in production research and development funds, establish and improve financing channels. The future development direction of the quail industry in Henan Province is to strengthen the research on the key production techniques of quail, combining with the current production management level, the breeding ability of the improved quail, the present situation of industrial structure, the level of development of the industry and the prospect of market demand. To maintain the stability of genetic traits and the exertion of genetic potential of superior varieties (lines); Reasonable planning of breeding areas to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the main body of the market, the development of quail nutrition needs to be determined, the formulation of relevant production standards covering all stages of production, and in practice to continue to improve; At the same time, vigorously develop farming cooperatives and farming associations, promote standardized, scientific, standardized production management model; In order to realize the sustainable development of egg quail industry, a commercial breeding model with enterprises as the main body and research institutes as boosters was established. The results of this study are not only applicable to the development of quail industry in Henan Province, but also have a targeted guiding role for other livestock and poultry breeding industries, and can provide reference basis and suggestions for relevant departments and the development of quail industry.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S839

【参考文献】