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婴幼儿病毒性肺炎多种病原及临床特点研究

发布时间:2018-02-03 22:54

  本文关键词: 婴幼儿 肺炎 病毒病原学 出处:《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


【摘要】:目的:研究356例婴幼儿肺炎的病毒感染病原学情况,探讨各种病毒性肺炎的临床特征、发病年龄及其X线特点,以期为临床诊治提供依据。方法:1.建立直接免疫荧光法(DFA)。2.研究对象选取2012年1月1日~2012年2月29日在长春市儿童医院住院356例婴幼儿肺炎患儿,以DFA检测阳性,C-反应蛋白(CRP)8mg/L且无其他病原学感染的临床和实验室证据为条件,从中共筛选出158例病毒性肺炎患儿。3.取婴幼儿肺炎患儿鼻咽分泌物用直接免疫荧光法(DFA)检测7种病毒,即呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、流感病毒(IFVA+B)和副流感病毒(PIV1-3)。4.对呼吸道合胞病毒肺炎、腺病毒肺炎、流感病毒肺炎和副流感病毒肺炎的病原学情况,临床特征,发病年龄和X线表现进行分析。结果:1.病毒病原学356例患儿中,共检出病毒感染158例,病毒感染率为44.38%。其中单一病毒感染144例,占91.14%,依次为呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染68例,占43.04%,腺病毒(ADV)感染34例,占21.52%,副流感病毒3型(PIV3)感染25例,占15.82%,副流感病毒1型(PIV1)感染1例,占0.63%,副流感病毒2型(PIV2)感染1例,占0.63%,流感病毒A型(IFVA)感染0例,流感病毒B型(IFVB)感染15例,占9.49%;混合病毒感染为14例,占8.86%,分别是RSV+IFVB感染6例,占3.80%,RSV+PIV3感染5例,占3.16%,IFVB+PIV3感染3例,占1.90%。单一病毒感染与混合病毒感染之比约为10.3:1。2.临床特征①临床症状体征单一病毒感染中,发热62例(43.1%),呼吸急促85例(59.0%),口周青54例(37.5%),咳嗽134例(93.1%),喘息78例(54.2%),呼吸困难55例(38.2%),中小湿罗音101例(70.1%),哮鸣音72例(50.0%),腹泻23例(16.0%),②各型病毒性肺炎特点RSV肺炎患儿发热(22.1%),少于ADV肺炎组和IFV肺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),呼吸急促(86.8%),多于ADV肺炎组,和PIV肺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。喘息(86.8%),多于ADV肺炎组和PIV肺炎组,差异有统计学意义,(P<0.05),哮鸣音(85.3%),多于ADV肺炎组、PIV肺炎组和IFV肺炎组,差异有统计学意义,(P<0.05)。ADV肺炎患儿发热多见(85.3%),咳嗽(85.3%),呼吸困难(52.9%),中毒症状重,可伴有腹泻(20.6%),双肺听诊哮鸣音(17.6%),中小湿罗音较多见(64.7%)。PIV肺炎患儿发热较少见(18.5%),咳嗽常见(88.9%),喘息少见(14.8%),肺部可闻干罗音(14.8%)和湿罗音(59.3%)。IFV肺炎患儿发热多见(86.7%)、咳嗽(86.7%),喘息较多见(66.7%),腹泻(73.3%),腹泻症状多于ADV肺炎组、RSV肺炎组和PIV肺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肺部中小湿罗音(80.0%),哮鸣音(26.7%)。3.发病年龄及X线表现主要表现为①RSV肺炎多发于6个月以下小儿(76.5%),X线多见纹理增强(98.5%),片状影(38.2%),较ADV肺炎组和IFV肺炎组少见,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肺气肿(76.5%),,较PIV肺炎组和IFV肺炎组多见,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②ADV肺炎多发于6个月~3岁小儿(88.3%),X线多见肺纹增强(88.2%)、肺气肿(73.5%)、片状影(70.6%)。③PIV肺炎多发于6个月~3岁小儿(77.7%),X线多见肺纹理强(88.9%),片状影稍多见(48.1%)。④IFV肺炎多发于6个月~3岁小儿(73.3%),X线以片状影(86.7%),纹理增强(100%)为主,肺气肿不多见(0.0%)。结论:1.病毒感染是本组资料婴幼儿肺炎的主要病原之一,以单一病毒感染为主,其中RSV居首位,混和病毒感染不多见。病毒病原谱可以存在地区差异性。2.RSV肺炎、ADV肺炎、PIV肺炎和IFV肺炎各具其独特的临床特点。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the situation of pathogenic virus infection of 356 cases of infantile pneumonia, explore the clinical features of viral pneumonia, age of onset and X-ray features, in order to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: 1. to establish a direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA).2. research object from January 1, 2012 to February 29, 2012 in the children's Hospital of Changchun inpatients in 356 infants pneumonia in DFA positive, C- reactive protein (CRP) 8mg/L and no clinical and laboratory evidence of other pathogen infection as a condition, from the screening of 158 cases of viral pneumonia in children with.3. infant pneumonia in nasopharyngeal secretions by direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) detection of 7 viruses including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), influenza virus (IFVA+B) and parainfluenza virus (PIV1-3).4. of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia, adenovirus pneumonia, influenza virus and parainfluenza virus pneumonia lung Study, inflammatory pathogenic analysis of clinical features, age of onset and X-ray findings. Results: 356 of 1. cases of children with viral pathogens were detected in 158 cases of viral infection, the virus infection rate was 44.38%. in which a single virus infection in 144 cases, accounting for 91.14%, followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in 68 cases, accounting for 43.04%, adenovirus (ADV) infection in 34 cases, accounting for 21.52%, parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) infection in 25 cases, accounting for 15.82%, parainfluenza virus type 1 (PIV1) infection in 1 cases, accounting for 0.63%, parainfluenza virus type 2 (PIV2) infection in 1 cases, accounting for 0.63%, the influenza virus type A (IFVA) infection in 0 cases, influenza B virus (IFVB) infection in 15 cases, accounting for 9.49%; the mixed infection was 14 cases, accounting for 8.86%, respectively, in 6 cases, RSV+IFVB infection accounted for 3.80%, 5 cases of RSV+PIV3 infection, accounted for 3.16%, 3 cases of IFVB+PIV3 infection, 1.90%. single infection and mixed infection of the virus the clinical features of the ratio of about 10.3:1.2. 搴婄棁鐘朵綋寰佸崟涓

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