母乳及配方奶喂养对NICU早产儿的影响

发布时间：2018-02-26 10:50

本文关键词： 母乳喂养配方奶喂养早产儿　出处：《中国当代儿科杂志》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析母乳喂养对不同出生胎龄早产儿的重要性。方法 639例出生胎龄28~(+3)~36~(+6)周的早产儿中单纯母乳喂养组(亲乳母乳喂养,未添加强化剂)237例,以及单纯配方奶(液态早产奶)喂养组402例。比较喂养方式对体重增长,白蛋白(ALB)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平,以及喂养不耐受发生率、坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)、早产儿视网膜病(ROP)等并发症发生率的影响。结果与配方奶喂养相比,母乳喂养的出生胎龄28~30周早产儿日体重增长较快,喂养不耐受、NEC患病率较低,碱性磷酸酶较高,白蛋白较低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);贫血、ROP、BPD、院内感染患病率及住院时间的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。出生胎龄31~33周的早产儿母乳喂养组较配方奶组日体重增长快,喂养不耐受率低,住院时间短,碱性磷酸酶高,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组间NEC、贫血、ROP、BPD、院内感染的发生率及白蛋白的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。出生胎龄34~36周早产儿不同喂养方式组的各项指标差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论母乳喂养对出生胎龄28~33周早产儿体重的增长,喂养不耐受率的降低,住院时间的缩短以及NEC发生率的减低有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the importance of breast-feeding to premature infants of different gestational ages. And 402 cases of simple formula milk (liquid preterm milk) feeding group. The effects of feeding methods on body weight gain, Albumin (ALB), ALP (alkaline phosphatase) levels, and the incidence of feeding intolerance were compared. The incidence of complications such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), retinopathy of premature infants (ROP) and so on. Results compared with formula feeding, breast-fed infants with 2830 weeks of gestational age increased their daily body weight faster, and the prevalence of feeding intolerance was lower than that of breast-fed infants. Alkaline phosphatase was higher, albumin was lower, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), there was no significant difference in prevalence of nosocomial infection, prevalence of nosocomial infection and length of hospitalization. The daily body weight of preterm infants with 31 ~ 33 weeks of gestational age increased faster than that of formula group. The feeding intolerance rate is low, the hospitalization time is short, the alkaline phosphatase is high, There was no significant difference in the incidence of nosocomial infection and albumin between the two groups. Conclusion Breast-feeding can increase the body weight of premature infants at the gestational age of 2833 weeks. It is important to reduce the rate of feeding intolerance, the length of stay and the incidence of NEC.
【作者单位】：吉林大学白求恩第一医院新生儿科;
【分类号】：R722.6

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