营口市区学龄前儿童家长营养知信行现状调查及其健康教育效果

发布时间：2018-03-01 23:23

本文关键词： 健康教育营口市学龄前儿童知信行　出处：《大连医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:了解营口市区学龄前儿童家长营养知信行情况,有针对性地进行健康教育,最终评价其健康教育效果。方法:运用整群抽样方法,抽取营口市三个市区(站前区、西市区、老边区)六所幼儿园中符合条件的450名家长,由统一培训的调查员面对面向调查对象提问并根据回答填写问卷,调查问卷采用专家设计的KAP问卷:在该人群中间进行为期1个月的儿童营养健康教育:用相同的问卷再次做问卷调查,并做统计学分析。用Epi Data3.1建立数据库、并录入,t检验、F检验及多元线性回归分析等运用SPSS23.0进行统计学分析。结果:本研究共发放问卷450份,有效问卷426份,有效率为94.67%,女性214人(50.16%),男性212人(49.84%),平均月龄(55.35±13.407)月,平均身高(107.08±9.176)cm,体重21.35kg,儿童家长父亲年龄20-29岁为72人(16.93%)、30-39岁为272人(63.58%)、40岁以上为82人(19.49%),父亲职业技术工人为103人(23.96%)、商业及服务业99人(23.32%)、机关事业单位61人(14.38%)、个体125人(29.39%)、其他38人(8.95%),父亲学历初中及以下120人(28.43%)、133人(31.31%)、96人(22.36%)、77人(17.89%),母亲年龄20-29岁为136人(32.27%)、30-39岁为256人(60.06%)、40岁以上34人(7.67%),母亲职业技术工人为55人(12.78%)、商业及服务业81人(18.85%)、机关事业单位64人(15.02%)、个体111人(26.20%)、其他115人(27.16%),母亲学历初中及以下142人(33.23%)、高中/中专133人(31.31%)、大专/职大86人(20.13%)、本科及以上65人(15.34%),家庭月收入4000元90人(21.41%)、4000-6000元217人(50.16%)、6001-8000元58人(13.7%)、8000元61人(14.70%)。该人群儿童营养知、信、行得分及格率分别为83.60%、96.80%、67.00%。营养知识知晓情况:单因素分析结果显示,不同特征被调者中父亲学历、父亲职业、母亲年龄、母亲学历、母亲职业、营养知识知晓情况与家庭月收入有显著差异(P0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,父亲学历越高营养知晓率越高、父亲职业与知晓率呈负相关、母亲年龄越大知晓率越高,其父母月收入越多父母营养知识知晓率则越高。营养态度持有情况:母亲职业差别有统计学意义,其母亲职业为机关事业单位其营养态度最积极。营养行为持有情况:不同特征该人群中父亲学历、母亲学历营养行为持有率差别有统计学意义(P0.05),多元回归分析结果显示,母亲学历越高其营养行为正面持有率越高。分析其知、信、行三者关联性研究结果显示:知识与态度、知识与行为、态度与行为都具有相关性且都有统计学意义(P0.05)。健康教育前后KAP得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:营口市区学龄前儿童营养行为中存在不科学现象,其家长营养认知水平相对较低,经健康教育后有所改善,应继续加强营养教育,完善营养宣传模式。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the nutritional knowledge and practice of preschool children in Yingkou city, carry out health education and evaluate the effect of health education. Methods: three districts of Yingkou City were selected by cluster sampling. In six kindergartens, 450 parents who met the requirements were asked questions face to face by unified training investigators and filled out questionnaires according to the answers. The questionnaire used KAP questionnaire designed by experts: one month's education on children's nutrition and health was carried out among the population: the same questionnaire was used again, and the statistical analysis was done. The database was built with Epi Data3.1. The statistical analysis was carried out by means of SPSS23.0. Results: in this study, 450 questionnaires were sent out, 426 valid questionnaires, and the effective rate was 94.677.The effective rate was 94.670.214 women and 49.84g men, with an average age of 55.35 卤13.407 months. The average height is 107.08 卤9.176 cm, weight 21.35 kg. The father of the child is 72 people aged 20-29 years old. The number of parents aged 30-39 years is 272 people. The average height is 63.58 cm. 82 people are over 40 years old. The father's vocational and technical workers are 103 people, business and service industry 99 people are 23.3232kgs, enterprises and institutions are 61 people, and individual 125 people are 29.3939.The average height is 107.08 卤9.176 cm, and the average height is 21.35 kg. His father's degree is 8.95m, his father's education is in the junior middle school and the following 120, there are 133 people, there are 133 people and there are 96 people, 22.361and 77 people, 136 people are his mother aged 20-29, 256 people are over 60.0640 years of age, 34 people are over the age of 60.0640 years old, the number of women's vocational and technical workers is 55 people, the number of business and service industry workers is 12.78o, 81 people in the business and service industries are 18.85m. 64, 111 individuals 26.20, 115 others 27.16, 142 mothers with qualifications and 142 below, 133 in senior secondary schools and secondary schools, 31.31, 86 in junior high schools / technical secondary schools, 20.1313 in junior colleges, 65 in undergraduate courses and above, and 21.41400 to 6,000 yuan in monthly household income, 50.166001-8000 yuan in 58 persons and 8,000 yuan in 13.7701,61 people. The children of this group know about nutrition, The results of single factor analysis showed that father's education, father's occupation, mother's age, mother's education, mother's occupation, mother's education, mother's education, father's occupation, mother's age, mother's education, mother's occupation. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the higher the father's educational background, the higher the nutritional awareness rate, the negative correlation was found between father's occupation and family's monthly income, and the higher the mother's age was, the higher the understanding rate was. The higher the parents' monthly income, the higher the awareness rate of their parents' nutrition knowledge. Its mother occupation is the government institution, its nutrition attitude is the most active. The nutrition behavior holds the situation: in the different characteristic this population father education, the mother education nutrition behavior holds the rate to have the statistical significance (P 0.05), the multivariate regression analysis result indicated, The higher the education level of mother, the higher the positive holding rate of nutritional behavior. The results of the study on the relationship among knowledge, belief and behavior showed that: knowledge and attitude, knowledge and behavior, The difference of KAP scores before and after health education was statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion: there is an unscientific phenomenon in the nutritional behavior of preschool children in Yingkou urban area, and their parents' nutritional cognition level is relatively low. After health education, we should continue to strengthen nutrition education and improve nutrition propaganda mode.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R153.2

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